摘要
从《史记·十二诸侯年表》中十四国西周时期婚姻材料可见,姬姓国分封后,基本上保持了与周王室较为一致的联姻传统。这既表明姬姓国联姻传统的延续,也体现出姬姓诸国对周王室的尊重与遵从,是周王朝政治统治策略的地域扩展。异姓诸侯多与姬姓国联姻,既与周王朝的笼络政策有关,也反映了异姓诸侯的生存之道,以婚姻图存。此外,材料中亦多见诸国与王朝卿士和世族联姻。除了双方利益所需,这实与周王朝统治策略有关:或为实现其笼络意图,或为达成其政治军事上的目的。与周边异姓国族联姻也是西周时期诸国政治联姻的一个重要特点。这种联姻一方面是各国忠实履行蕃卫王室之责,稳固自身统治的需要;另一方面也是周王朝怀柔政策的扩展和延伸,即周王朝通过诸侯来实现对地方的控制。在这些诸侯中,秦和楚联姻材料较少,似游离于中原之外,虽与材料不均衡有关,但也从一个侧面反映出周王朝的统治策略与重心所在。
From the marital materials recorded in the Records of the Grand Historian：Yearly Chronicles of the Feudal Lords,we can find that after the enfeoffment of the royal family of Zhou,the vassal states with the surname of Ji kept marital traditions of the royal family,which not only displayed the continuance of the royal family＇s marital tradition,but also embodied the vassal states＇respect for and obedience to the royal family.Furthermore,it symbolized the geographical expansion of the Zhou dynasty＇s ruling strategy.By means of marriage,most vassal states built ties with vassal states bearing the surname of Ji.These political marriages not only concerned the cajoling policy of the Zhou dynasty,but also reflected the feudal lords＇wisdom of survival,which was to seek survival through marriage.Besides,marriages between states and aristocratic lineages were common in the material.Other than the need of bilateral interests,it concerned the ruling strategy of the Zhou dynasty,either to fulfill its cajoling purpose,or to achieve its political and military goals.Building marital ties with vassal states bearing other surnames was an important characteristic of the political marriage in the Western Zhou Dynasty.This kind of marriage was on the one hand a faithful fulfillment of the vassal states＇guardianship of the royal family and meeting the need of stabilizing their own rules;on the other hand,it was an expansion and extension of the Zhou dynasty＇s policy of conciliation,namely,achieving its control of the periphery via feudal lords.Among those vassal states,the marriage materials of Qin and Chu are relatively scarce.These two states seemed to be outside the reach of the Central Plains.Although this phenomenon derives from the imbalance of materials,it also reflects the ruling strategy and reigning focus of the Zhou dynasty.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第10期5-21,共17页
Journal of Historical Science
关键词
诸侯国
政治联姻
西周
王朝统治
vassal states
marriage of convenience
the reign of the Western Zhou Dynasty
