摘要
油田中硫酸盐还原菌(SRP)的生长代谢能产生大量H_2S,会引起油藏酸化和微生物腐蚀等严重的生产和环境问题,而关于油田环境中SRP微生物多样性与生理活性的研究仍十分缺乏.为了深入了解我国渤海湾海域高温酸化油藏中SRP代谢特点并探究其潜在危害控制方法,本研究采用厌氧纯培养技术从渤海湾某高温油田采出水中分离筛选到1株耐高温、耐盐的SRP菌株BQ1,研究了其生理特性,并评价了不同杀菌剂和代谢抑制剂对其产H_2S活性的影响.结果表明,菌株BQ1的细胞呈短杆状,大小为(1.2~2.5)μm×(0.5~0.8)μm,有运动性.尽管BQ1与普通脱硫弧菌(Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough)的16S rRNA基因序列相似性达99%,但两者生理特性具有明显差异.BQ1可在温度为14~70℃(最适30℃)、p H 6.0~9.0(最适7.0)、盐度为0%~10%条件下生长代谢.BQ1可利用甲酸钠、乳酸钠、乙酸盐等多种碳源,能以硫酸盐、亚硫酸盐、硫代硫酸盐或单质硫为唯一电子受体产生H_2S.次氯酸钠(600 mg·L^(-1))、苄基三甲基氯化铵(300 mg·L^(-1))或NaNO_3(800 mg·L^(-1))对BQ1产H_2S活性无明显抑制效果.戊二醛(50 mg·L^(-1))、溴硝醇(30 mg·L^(-1))、二氧化氯(50 mg·L^(-1))或NaNO_2(70 mg·L^(-1))可抑制BQ1产H_2S活性达30 d以上,是控制渤海湾高温油田微生物酸化的潜在有效抑制剂.
The growth and activity of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes（ SRP） in oilfield environments could produce large amounts of H2S,leading to multifaceted problems,including oilfield souring and microbially-influenced corrosion,yet knowledge about the diversity and physiology of SRP therein was quite limited. To further understand the phenotypic characteristics of SRP residing in an offshore hightemperature oilfield at Bohai Bay,China,and to explore the potential methods for control of SRP-mediated problems,we isolated,using Hungate techniques,a thermotolerant,halotolerant SRP strain,designated BQ1,from the produced water of a high-temperature.We also presented the phenotypic features of BQ1,and investigated the efficacy of five biocides,or metabolic inhibitors,in suppressing the sulfidogenic activity of BQ1. Cells of BQ1 were motile,short rod-shaped,1. 2-2. 5 μm in length and 0. 5-0. 8 μm in width.Although BQ1 shared 99% 16 S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough,distinct phenotypic traits between them were observed. Isolated BQ1 could grow at 14-70℃（ optimum at 30℃） and p H 6. 0-9. 0（ optimum p H 7. 0）,and in the presence of 0%-10% Na Cl. Isolated BQ1 utilized a wide range of carbon substrates,including sodium formate,sodium lactate,and acetate. Sulfate,sulfite,thiosulfate,and sulfur were utilized as electron acceptors,but not nitrate or nitrite. Sodium hypochlorite（ 600 mg·L^-1）,Benzyltrimethylammonium chloride（ 300 mg·L^-1）,or nitrate（ 800 mg·L^-1） failed to inhibit H2S production by BQ1. By contrast,glutaraldehyde（ 50 mg·L^-1）,bronopol（ 30 mg·L^-1）,chlorine dioxide（ 50 mg·L^-1）,and nitrite（ 70 mg·L^-1） inhibited H2S production by BQ1 for at least 30 d,indicating that these compounds may be suitable for the mitigation of microbial souring in this specific,high-temperature,offshore oilfield at Bohai Bay,China.
作者
杨春璐
苑美玉
史荣久
闫鹏举
赵峰
韩斯琴
张颖
YANG Chun-lu;YUAN Mei-yu;SHI Rong-jiu;YAN Peng-ju;ZHAO Feng;HAN Si-qin;ZHANG Ying(College of Environmental Science,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China;Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第10期4783-4792,共10页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31570121)
中国科学院污染生态与环境工程重点实验室开放课题项目(2016CB)
关键词
海上油田
硫酸盐还原菌
普通脱硫弧菌
杀菌剂
硫化氢
酸化
offshore oilfield
sulfate-reducing prokaryotes
Desulfovibrio vulgaris
biocide
sulfide hydrogen
souring
