摘要
2013年以来,东北经济增速出现较大幅度下滑。从企业效益角度分析东北振兴困境发现,企业面临较高的人工成本、融资成本、技术成本及制度成本,企业成本负担沉重、主导产业市场份额萎缩、产品价格下降和新产品竞争力不强,导致企业收益较低。企业高成本与低收益是东北地区体制机制改革滞后和结构矛盾的综合体现。而"官本位""等靠要"思想在企业经营各环节的渗透,导致东北地区非市场化交易问题突出,企业经营愈加困难。为有效激发东北地区企业经营活力和培育经济发展内生动力,应从企业降低成本、提升收益的视角制定东北振兴相关政策,以降低人工成本、融资成本、技术成本和制度成本作为促进市场化改革、降低企业成本的切入点。进一步深化供给侧结构性改革,关注上下游产业整体发展,去除落后过剩产能,推动产业转型和升级。深化市场化改革,培育企业市场化经营机制。"加减乘除"并举优化经济结构,切实推动新一轮东北振兴。
The economic growth rate in northeast China has fallen significantly since 2013. Base on the analysis of the dilemma of revitalization in Northeast China from the perspective of enterprise efficiency,we find that enterprises face higher labor costs,financing costs,technology costs and institutional costs,resulting in a heavy cost burden on enterprises,shrinking market share of leading industries,falling product prices and weak competitiveness of new products,resulting in lower corporate returns. The high cost and low income of enterprises are the comprehensive embodiment of the economic system mechanism and structure contradiction in the northeast China. The infiltration of the ＂official standard＂and ＂waiting for the necessary＂ideas in all aspects of business operations has led to the emergence of non-market-oriented transactions in the Northeast,and the difficulty in business management. In order to effectively stimulate the vitality of enterprises in Northeast China and foster the endogenous driving force of economic development,we should formulate policies for the revitalization of Northeast China from the perspective of reducing costs and increasing profits,and we should promote market-oriented reform and reduce enterprise costs by reducing labor,financing,technology and institutional costs. We will further deepen supply-side structural reform,pay attention to the overall development of upstream and downstream industries,eliminate backward excess capacity,and promote industrial transformation and upgrading; deepen market-oriented reform and foster a market-based operation mechanism for enterprises. promote ＂addition,subtraction,multiplication and division＂policy to optimize economic structure; and effectively promote a new round of northeast revitalization.
作者
和军
张紫薇
He Jun;Zhang Zi-wei(Research Center of the Northeast Revitalization,Liaoning University,Liaoning Shenyang 110036;School of economics,Liaoning University,Liaoning Shenyang 11003)
出处
《经济纵横》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第9期73-84,共12页
Economic Review Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目"振兴东北老工业基地重大体制机制问题与对策研究"(编号:17ZDA060)的成果
关键词
东北振兴
企业效益
成本收益
新东北现象
体制机制改革
供给侧结构性改革
The Northeast Revitalization
Performancenomenon
Institutional Mechanism Reform
Supply - Sideof Enterprises
Cost - Benefit
New Northeast Phe-Structural Reform
