摘要
文章深入研究了波传播中质点间的相互作用.波传播中,质点间的相互作用存在两种形态,一种是静态的作用,另一种是动态的作用.动态的作用就是波传播中一质点以一定的速度作用另一质点,速度不同,即时产生的应变就不同,速度越大,即时产生的应变就越大,反之就越小.而应变不同,产生的作用力就不同.波传播中质点间的这部分作用力称为"动作用力";相对于动态作用而言,静态的作用就是波传播中质点间没有相对运动速度的静态应变的作用.根据动作用和静作用的性质特点以及它们各自的有关因素,文中给出了动作用力和静作用力的数学表达式,由动作用力和静作用力的数学表达式,建立了较原波动方程更完善的波动方程.由新的波动方程,研究了波传播中质点的运动规律,得出了一个较合乎实际现象和规律的结论:波传播中质点的运动规律多数是一个脉冲的形态.而质点的运动形态就是波的形态的本质.波传播中"质点的运动是脉冲的形态"说明,介质中"一个力的作用"就只是"一个波脉冲".那么,波在介质中传播遇到界面或不同物质时,因界面的性状和物质的不同产生各个不同的力,各力就会形成各自的波脉冲,各波脉冲的组合就是界面性状或物质力学性质的反映.所以波的形态在一定程度上可反映界面的性状或物质的力学性质.这一规律为我们在工程探测、检测中通过波形态的特性可对界面的性状和物质的属性作一定的判断,从而提高探测、检测工作中的合理性、可靠性.
This paper makes an in-depth study on the interaction between particles in wave propagation. In wave propagation,the interaction between particles has two forms： static action and dynamic action. The dynamic action is that： one particle acts on the other particle at a certain speed in wave propagation,and the strain instantaneously generated varies when the speed varies. The higher the speed is,the greater the strain instantaneously generated is,or the strain instantaneously generated becomes smaller. The generated action varies when the strain varies. This part of action between particles in wave propagation is called ＂dynamic action force ＂;relative to dynamic action,the static action is the static strain action between particles without speed of relative movement in wave propagation. According to the properties,characteristics,and their respective related factors of dynamic action and static action,this paper presents the mathematical expressions of dynamic action and static action,and builds a wave equation which is more complete than the original wave equation based on the mathematical expressions of dynamic action and static action. By the new wave equation,this paper studies the motion law of particles in wave propagation,and draws a conclusion which more conforms to actual phenomena and laws; the motion law of particles in wave propagation is mostly an impulse form. While the motion form of particle is the essence of wave form. In the wave propagation,＂the motion of a particle is an impulse form＂indicates that＂the action of a force＂in media is only ＂one wave impulse＂. Then,when the wave encounters interfaces or different materials in its propagation in media,different forces are generated because of different interface properties and materials,and these forces form their own wave impulses. The combination of the wave impulses is the indication of interface properties or mechanical properties of materials. So,the wave forms can indicate interface properties or mechanical properties of materials to a certain extent. This law enables us to make a certain judgment on interface properties and material attributes by characteristics of wave forms in the engineering exploration and detection,and consequently improves the rationality and reliability in the exploration and detection work.
作者
马吉静
MA Ji-jing(No.290 Research Institute for Nuclear Industry,Guangdong Shaoguan 512029,China)
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期1927-1935,共9页
Progress in Geophysics
关键词
动作用力
作用介质
被作用介质
运动的脉冲形
界面性状
阻抗
阻抗的作用
波的极性
波形态
dynamic action force
acting medium
acted medium
moving pulse shape
interface characteristic
impedance function
wave polarity
wave pattern
