摘要
农业非点源污染是导致地表水富营养化的主要因素,而湿地景观对污染物/营养物质有截留功能。以哈尼梯田区大鱼塘村梯田湿地景观类型中的4类地表水为研究对象,于2017年6月(雨季)、12月(旱季)采集36个水样,测定其总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)浓度并分析其时空特征,以富营养化综合指数(PI)和截留量评价其富营养化水平及截留功能。结果表明:雨季所有水样的TN、TP浓度平均值高于旱季,而4类湿地中沟渠水的浓度最高,景观类型上,村寨与梯田区水样的浓度高于森林和河流;富营养化评价显示,所有水样的PI值在雨季大于旱季,4类水体中沟渠水为中度富营养化(PI为2.01),景观类型上村寨区水体为重度富营养化(PI为5.09); TN、TP截留量评价表明,沟渠(1.38 mg·L^(-1)、0.07 mg·L^(-1))、梯田(0.25 mg·L^(-1)、0.08 mg·L^(-1))、梯田区(2.04 mg·L^(-1)、0.17 mg·L^(-1))与河流(0.05mg·L^(-1)、0.00 mg·L^(-1))的截留量高,未造成下游河流水体的富营养化,整个景观表现出明显的截留效应。研究结果为哈尼梯田的生态保护提供了依据。
Agricultural non-point source pollution is the main factor of surface water eutrophication. Wetland landscape could retain pollutants or nutrients. Taking region as research object, we collected 36 samples of the surface water in the terraced wetland landscape of Dayutang village in Hani Rice Terraces in June （rainy season） and December （dry season） of 2017. We measured total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） concentrations, analyzed their temporal and spatial characteristics, and evaluated their eutrophication level and retention function by eutrophication composite index （PI） and retention capability, respectively. The results showed that the mean concentrations of TN and TP in all samples in the rainy season were higher than those in the dry season, with such values in ditch being the highest among the four wetland types. In terms of landscape types, the TN and TP concentrations in water from village than those in forests and rivers. The PI value of all water samples in and rice terraces were higher rainy season was higher than that in dry season. The ditch water was moderately eutrophic （ with a PI value of 2.01 ） among the four water types, while the water in the landscape type of village was heavily eutrophic （PI 5.09）. Furthermore, ditches （1.38 vs. 0.07 mg · L-1, rice terraces （0.25 vs. 0.08 mg · L-1）, rice terraces area （2.04 vs. 0.17 mg · L-1 and rivers （0.05 vs. 0.00 mg · L-1 were of significant purification function, which kept the downstream river free of non-point source pollution and the entire landscape presenting obvious retention effects. Our results provide a basis for the ecological conservation of Hani Rice Terraces.
作者
查智琴
角媛梅
刘志林
刘澄静
高璇
丁银平
赵冬梅
ZHA Zhi-qin;JIAO Yuan-mei;LIU Zhi-lin;LIU Cheng-jing;GAO Xuan;DING Yin-ping;ZHAO Dong-mei(College of Tourism and Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期3413-3421,共9页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41761115)
研究生科研创新基金项目(yjs2017061)资助
关键词
哈尼梯田
湿地景观
富营养化
截留量
Hani Rice Terraces
wetland landscape
eutrophication
retention capability
