摘要
目的探讨膳食与运动管理在超重和肥胖孕妇中的应用效果及对妊娠结局的影响。方法选择2017年1月-2018年1月在九江市妇幼保健院建档保健且孕前体质指数(BMI)≥24 kg/m2单胎孕妇120例,按随机数字法分为对照组60例和观察组60例。对照组采用普通孕期宣教,观察组接受个体化指导,包括膳食运动管理,分娩后对管理效果进行评估。记录并统计两组剖宫产、阴道助产、自然分娩及流产率,死胎、早产儿、低体质量出生儿、巨大儿、新生儿窒息及产后出血发生率,孕期增重、新生儿体质量、身长、1 min及5 min Apgar评分,采用SPSS Pearson相关性分析软件对肥胖与妊娠结局进行相关性分析,比较两组干预效果及对妊娠结局的影响。结果观察组剖宫产、流产率均低于对照组(P<0. 05);观察组自然分娩率高于对照组(P<0. 05);观察组早产儿、低体质量出生儿、巨大儿、新生儿窒息及产后出血发生率均低于对照组(P<0. 05);两组新生儿体质量、身长、1 min及5 min Apgar评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05);观察组孕期增重小于对照组(P<0. 05)。SPSS Pearson相关性分析结果表明:肥胖与低体质量出生儿、巨大儿、新生儿窒息及产后出血呈正相关性(P<0. 05)。结论膳食与运动管理用于超重和肥胖孕妇中有助于改善妊娠结局,降低剖宫产率,值得推广应用。
Objective To investigate the effects of diet and exercise management on overweight and obese pregnant women and its effect on pregnancy outcomes. Methods From Jan. 2017 to Jan. 2018, 120 cases of pregnant women with single-item birth weight BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 were enrolled and divided into control group （n = 60） and observation group （n = 60 ） . The control group was given ordinary pre- natal education, and the observation group was treated with individualized guidance, including dietary and pregnancy exercise management, and the management effect was evaluated after delivery. Record, the cesarean section, vaginal delivery, natural delivery and miscarriage rate of all the subjects were counted; the incidence of stillbirth, premature infants, low birth weight infants, macrosomia, neonatal asphyxia, and postpartum hemorrhage were recorded. The weight gain during pregnancy, neonatal weight, length, and 1 min and 5 rain Apgar scores were all recorded. SPSS Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between obesity and pregnanc, y outcomes, and compare the effects of two groups. Results The cesarean section and miscarriage rate in observation group were lower than those in control group （ P〈 0. 05 ） , The natural delivery rate in observation group was higher than that in control group （ P〈0. 05 ） . The incidences of preterm intants, low-birth-weight infants, macrosomia, neonatal asphyxia and postpartum hemorrhage in observation group was lower than those of control groups （P〈0. 05） ; there were no significant differences in the weight, length, 1 rnin and 5 rain Apgar scores between the two groups （P〉 0. 05） ; In observation group, weight less was less than that of control group （P〈0. 05） . Obesity was positively correlated with low birth weight infants, macrosomia, neonatal asphyxia, and postpartum hemorrhage （P〈0. 05） . Conclusion Diet and exercise management couht be used to improve pregnancy outcomes and reduce cesarean section rate in overweight and obese pregnant women. It is worthy of＂ popularization and application.
作者
岳涛
李兰妹
金凌燕
刘小阳
陈金霞
YUE Tao;LI Lan-Mei;JIV Ling-Yan(Department of Obstetrics,Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Jiujiang City,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332000,China)
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
2018年第21期4818-4821,共4页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
基金
江西省卫生计生委科技计划(20177126)
关键词
膳食与运动管理
超重
肥胖
个体化指导
妊娠结局
剖宫产率
孕期宣教
Diet and exercise management
Being overweigh
Obesity
Individualized guidance
Pregnancy outcome
Cesarean sectionrate
Prenatal education
