摘要
目的调查扬州市学龄前儿童睡眠现状,为改善学龄前儿童睡眠健康状况提供依据。方法 2015年4-5月分层整群抽取7所幼儿园共2 531名儿童,对家长进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括儿童及其家庭基本情况、睡眠习惯和睡眠问题等。结果扬州市学龄前儿童平均每日睡眠时间平时为(11. 00±0. 89) h,周末为(10. 56±1. 30) h,低于国外同年龄儿童水平,与全国平均水平相近。睡眠不足的发生率平时为7. 3%,周末为25. 1%,随着年龄的增加睡眠不足率逐渐增加,周末更明显。睡眠问题总体发生率为46. 1%,男童(48. 3%)高于女童(43. 7%)。随着年龄的增长睡眠问题发生率有下降趋势。男童在睡眠出汗、张口呼吸、睡眠打鼾三方面发生率大于女童。高年龄组睡眠潜伏期过长、夜间尿床发生率明显低于低年龄组,而夜间磨牙则高于低年龄组。结论扬州市学龄前儿童睡眠状况令人担忧,应作为"公共卫生问题",引起儿童家长以及社会的重视。
Objective To investigate the sleep status of preschool children in Yangzhou and provide a basis for improving the sleep health of preschool children. Methods From April to May 2015, a total of 2 531 children with parents from 7 kindergartens entered the study by a cross-sectional survey. A questionnaire was applied to investigate basic information about children and their families, sleep habits and sleep disorders about children. Results The mean sleep time of preschoolers was （ 11.00±0. 89） hours during the weekdays, （ 10. 56±1.30） hours during the weekends, which were shorter than those of western children of the same age and similar to the national aver- age. There were 7.3% and 25.1% preschoolers suffered from insufficient sleep during the weekdays and weekends. The children who suffered from insufficient sleep increased with age, especially on weekends. The incidence of sleep disorders was 46. 1% in general, boys （48. 3% ） over girls （43.7%） . As the growth of the age there was a decrease in the incidence of sleep disorders. Fluctuations related to incidence of sleep disorder symptom were （longer sleep onset） 24. 3% - （ sleep at nightfall） 0. 2%. Boys were more likely than girls to suffer from sleep sweating, breathing and snoring. In the high age group, the incidence of insomnia-early and bed-wetting was significantly lower than that in the lower age group, while the nocturnal molar was higher than that of the lower age group. Conclusion The sleep situation of preschool children in yangzhou is alarming, which should be regarded as a public health problem and cause the parents of children and society to attach importance to it.
作者
陈秋
章景丽
陈瑞美
王磊
陶芳标
于伟平
CHEN Qiu;ZHANG Jing-Li;CHEN Rui-Mei(Department of Child Heath Care,Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care hospital,Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Yan-gzhou University Medical College,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225002,China)
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
CAS
2018年第21期4961-4965,共5页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
基金
国家自然科学基金(81573168)
江苏省妇幼健康科研项目(F201605)
中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心2017年度合生元母婴营养与健康研究项目(2017FYH005)
关键词
学龄前儿童
睡眠时间
睡眠问题
睡眠不足
Preschool children
Sleep duration
Sleep disorder
Insufficient sleep
