摘要
作为自然界最轻的金属元素,锂在现代社会中的各方面应用广泛,是一种重要的战略资源。随着现代化进程的加速,世界各国对锂资源的需求量不断增加,全球锂矿逐渐减少,已经不能满足其需求,而海水和盐湖卤水中的锂资源能很好地解决这一矛盾,从海水和盐湖卤水中提锂具有重大意义。众多提锂方法中,吸附剂法是一种比较环保的方法,复合绿色和可持续发展的要求。吸附剂法的关键是吸附剂材料,锰氧化物锂离子筛绿色、高效,是一种理想的吸附剂。这里介绍了锂离子筛的概念,锰氧化物锂离子筛的结构及锂嵌入/脱嵌机理,详细综述了锰氧化物锂离子筛吸附剂提锂的研究现状,包括前驱体制备方法和锂离子筛成型应用,最后对锰氧化物锂离子筛今后的研究方向提出建议与展望。
As the lightest metal element in nature, lithium is an important strategic resource and is widely used in many parts of modern society. With the acceleration of modernization, the demand for lithium resources is increasing around the world. Lithium ores in the world are gradually declining and are no longer able to meet needs. Lithium resources in seawater and salt lake brines can solve this contradiction very well, therefore, extracting lithium from liquids is of great significance. Among the various methods for extracting lithium, the adsorbent method is more environmental-friendly, and is in accord with green and sustainable development requirements. The key to extract lithium by adsorbent method is the adsorbent materials. Because of its greenness and high-efficiency, manganese oxide lithium ion-sieve is an ideal adsorbent. In this paper, the concept of lithium ion-sieve, the structure of manganese oxide lithium ion-sieve and the lithium intercalation/de-intercalation mechanisms were introduced. The research progress of extracting lithium by manganese oxide lithium ion-sieve adsorbent is reviewed in detail, including the preparation methods of precursor, the molding and applications of lithium ion-sieve. Finally, many suggestions and prospects for the future research direction of manganese oxide lithium ion sieve are put forward.
作者
漆贵财
海春喜
周园
QI Guicai;HAI Chunxi;ZHOU Yuan(Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources,Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China;Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province,Xining 810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《功能材料》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期11023-11032,共10页
Journal of Functional Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(21401210)
关键词
提锂
锰氧化物
锂离子筛
吸附剂
extracting lithium
manganese oxide
lithium ion-sieve
adsorbent
