摘要
"Systems thinking is a discipline for seeing wholes. It is a framework for seeing interrelationships rather than things,for seeing patterns of change, rather than static snapshots"(Peter Senge).Investment in infrastructure is required to meet the growing needs of an increasing population, as well as to
＂Systems thinking is a discipline for seeing wholes. It is a framework for seeing interrelationships rather than things, for seeing patterns of change, rather than static snapshots＂ （Peter Senge）. Investment in infrastructure is required to meet the growing needs of an increasing population, as well as to sustain a competitive advantage in the global marketplace. For an economy to position itself to capitalize on growth and increased investment due to a burgeoning population and increasing international demand for goods and services, greater investment in infrastructure is needed. Yet history explicitly indicates the capital expenditure （CAPEX） of infrastructure projects routinely overrun their initial cost estimates leaving asset owners, financiers, contractors and the public dissatisfied; the productivity and profitability of organizations are also adversely impacted. This is not an unusual situation for infrastructure projects, as it has been observed that on average, 48% of them fail to meet their baseline time, cost and quality objectives. Well-known infrastructure projects that have attracted the attention of the popular press due to cost overruns being incurred include Boston＇s Big Dig, the Denver International Airport, and the Qresund Bridge linking Denmark to Sweden.
