摘要
地表土壤的无效蒸发加剧了干旱半干旱地区农业用水短缺,为了揭示季节性冻融期地表覆砂对土壤蒸发的影响,进行了地表无覆盖(LD)、覆盖厚度均为1 cm覆砂粒径为0.5～1.5 mm(XS)和1.5～2 mm(CS) 3种地表处理条件下的大田土壤蒸发量、土壤温度和土壤含水率跟踪监测试验。结果表明:冻融期地表土壤覆砂可有效改变土壤蒸发的日变化幅度,不稳定冻结阶段覆砂处理抑制蒸发效果不明显,稳定冻结阶段地表覆砂可有效抑制土壤蒸发,消融解冻阶段地表覆砂加剧了表层土壤水分蒸发;冻融期LD、XS和CS累积土壤蒸发量分别为29.87、34.32和33.43mm,土壤累积蒸发量随时间较好地符合幂函数关系。研究成果可为冻融期制定科学合理的保墒措施和有效抑制土壤蒸发提供依据。
The inefficient evaporation of surface soil exacerbates the shortage of agricultural water in arid and semi-arid areas. In order to reveal the effect of surface sand covering on soil evaporation during the seasonal freeze-thaw period,the soil evaporation,soil temperature and soil moisture content were monitored under 3 kinds of surface treatment conditions,including bare plot（ LD）,surface sand mulching with thickness of 1 cm and particle size of 0. 5 - 1. 5 mm（ XS） and 1. 5 - 2 mm（ CS）. The results show that the change range of daily soil evaporation can be effectively changed by surface sand mulching during the freeze-thaw period; in the unstable freezing stage,the effect of sand mulching on the inhibition of evaporation is not obvious; during the stable freezing stage,sand mulching can effectively inhibit soil evaporation and aggravates the evaporation in the melting stage; the cumulative soil evaporation of LD,XS and CS during the freeze-thaw period is 29.87,34.32 and 33.43 mm,respectively,and the accumulated soil evaporation is well fitting with the power function relationship with time. The results provide scientific and reasonable measures of maintaining soil moisture and a basis for effective inhibition of soil evaporation during the freeze-thaw period.
作者
苗春燕
陈军锋
郑秀清
冯慧君
MIAO Chun-yan;CHEN Jun-feng;ZHENG Xiu-qing;FENG Hui-jun(College of Water Resources Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;First Hydrogeo]ogy and Engineering Geological Team of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan 030024,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2018年第11期5-9,共5页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41572239)
国家自然科学青年基金项目(41502243)
山西省自然科学青年基金项目(2015021169)
关键词
冻结
融化
土壤蒸发
砂层覆盖
freezing
thawing
soil evaporation
sand mulching
