摘要
在大田条件下以周麦22为试材,采用裂区设计,研究不同氮锌配施方式对土壤和小麦不同生育期不同器官中锌累积动态变化的影响。主因子为氮肥(设3个施氮水平):N1(240 kg/hm2)、N2(180 kg/hm2)、N3(120 kg/hm2);副因子为锌肥(设4种施锌方式):喷施等量蒸馏水(CK)、土施锌肥(Zn S 15 kg/hm2)、喷施锌肥(Zn F 1. 5 kg/hm2)、土施+喷施锌肥(Zn S 15 kg/hm2+Zn F 1. 5 kg/hm2)。结果表明,与对照相比,Zn S、Zn S+F处理显著提高土壤有效Zn含量,增幅分别为11. 97%~26. 39%、17. 33%~51. 39%;根系Zn含量增幅分别为7. 67%~22. 36%、8. 84%~24. 48%。喷施锌肥对小麦叶部Zn含量影响显著,灌浆后期、成熟期Zn S+F和Zn F处理叶片Zn含量分别比对照显著提高74. 28%、53. 37%和69. 13%、52. 27%,且与Zn S处理差异也达显著水平;拔节期、灌浆前期Zn S和Zn S+F显著增加茎部Zn含量,增幅分别为14. 32%~16. 78%和35. 57%~38. 82%;成熟期Zn F、Zn S+F处理颖壳中Zn含量分别提高42. 77%和45. 10%;灌浆后期和成熟期Zn S、Zn F、Zn S+F籽粒中Zn含量分别提高4. 10%、43. 52%、43. 71%和3. 98%、34. 16%、38. 04%。成熟期不同处理间不同部位Zn含量大小表现为:籽粒>根>茎>颖壳>叶。综合分析可知,增施锌肥提高了土壤及小麦植株不同器官Zn含量,叶面喷施锌肥促进根、茎、叶、颖壳等营养器官中Zn向籽粒运输,使籽粒Zn含量积累达到最大值,提高籽粒Zn含量,且土壤和植株不同部位的锌含量均随着施氮量的降低而降低。
In order to study the effect of combined application of nitrogen and zinc on the dynamic change of zinc accumulation in soil and different organs of wheat at different growth stages,a field experiment was conducted by split block design. The main factor was nitrogen fertilizer with three levels as N1 （240 kg/hm 2）, N2 （180 kg/hm 2） and N3 （120 kg/hm 2）. The by-factors was zinc fertilizer through four kinds of application methods including spraying equal amount of distilled water （CK）, soil application of zinc fertilizer （ZnS 15 kg/hm 2）, spraying zinc fertilizer （ZnF 1.5 kg/hm 2）, soil application ＋ spraying zinc fertilizer （ZnS 15 kg/hm 2＋ZnF 1.5 kg/hm 2）. Zhoumai 22 was chosen as material. The results showed that ZnS and ZnS＋F treatments significantly increased the soil available Zn content by 11.97%~26.39% and 17.33%~51.39% respectively compared with the control,and increased the Zn content in root by 7.67%~ 22.36% and 8.84%~24.48% respectively. Spraying zinc fertilizer had significant effect on Zn content in leaves of wheat. The zinc content of leaves treated with ZnS＋F and ZnF at late filling stage and mature stage increased by 74.28%, 53.37% and 69.13%, 52.27% respectively compared with the control and the difference with ZnS treatment reached a significant level. ZnS and ZnS＋F treatments significantly increased the zinc content in stems at jointing stage and early filling stage with the increase of 14.32%~16.78% and 35.57%~ 38.82% respectively.The Zn content in glumes in mature wheat with ZnF and ZnS＋F treatments increased by 42.77% and 45.10% respectively. The concentration of Zn in the grain with ZnS,ZnF and ZnS＋F treatments at late grain filling stage and ripening stage increased by 4.10%,43.52%,43.71% and 3.98%, 34.16%, 38.04%, respectively. The Zn concentration in different parts of wheat in mature period was in the trend of grain〉root〉stem〉glume〉leaf. Comprehensive analysis showed that increasing zinc fertilizer increased the Zn content in soil and different organs of wheat plants. Foliar zinc application promoted the transportation of Zn from root, stem, leaf and glume to the grain, which resulted in the maximum accumulation of Zn in grain and increased the Zn concentration in grain. Zinc content in soil and different parts of wheat decreased with the decrease of nitrogen application rate.
作者
李秋杰
贺德先
周苏玫
徐凤丹
梅晶晶
申冠宇
周燕
杨蕊
杨习文
Li Qiujie;He Dexian;Zhou Sumei;Xu Fengdan;Mei Jingjing;Shen Guanyu;Zhou Yan;Yang Rui;Yang Xiwen(College of Agriculture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2018年第11期76-82,共7页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B07-4
2015BAD26B00)
河南省科技厅重点实验室项目(132300413207)
关键词
小麦
ZN
氮锌配施
施锌方式
动态变化
Wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）
Zn
Nitrogen and zinc application
Zinc application approach
Dynamic changes
