摘要
本试验旨在研究多鳞鱚对饲料中n-3高不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)的需要量。挑选均重为(6.0±0.6) g的多鳞鱚幼鱼540尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。各组分别投喂n-3HUFA水平为0.53%、0.80%、1.22%、1.62%、2.12%和2.56%的等氮等脂饲料8周。结果表明:1) 2.12%组的增重率和特定生长率最高,显著高于0.53%组(P<0.05); 2.12%组的饲料系数最低,显著低于0.53%组(P<0.05); 2.12%组的肝体比最低,显著低于0.53%组和0.80%组(P<0.05); 2.12%组的肥满度最高,显著高于除1.62%组外的其他各组(P<0.05)。2)各组之间的全鱼水分、粗蛋白质、粗灰分含量无显著差异(P>0.05); 1.62%组的全鱼粗脂肪含量最高,显著高于除1.62%组外的其他各组(P<0.05)。3) 2.56%组的血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量显著高于除2.12%组外的其他各试验组(P<0.05),0.80%组的血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),1.22%组的血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),0.80%组的血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著低于其他各组(P<0.05); 0.53%组的血清总胆固醇(T-CHOL)、甘油三酯(TG)含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),0.80%组的血清CHOL、TG含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。4)各组之间的血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性无显著差异(P>0.05),2.12%组和2.56%组的血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著低于除1.62%组外的其他各组(P<0.05),1.62%组的血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著低于除1.22%组和2.12%组外的其他各组(P<0.05)。5)随着饲料n-3HUFA水平的提高,肝脏C18∶3n-3、C20∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3含量显著升高(P <0. 05),肝脏C18∶2n-6含量显著降低(P <0.05)。6)随着饲料n-3HUFA水平的提高,肌肉C18∶2n-6、C20∶4n-6含量呈降低趋势,2.12%组和2.56组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);肌肉C20∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3含量呈升高趋势,2.56%组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。由此可见,以增重率为依据,折线模型拟合得出多鳞鱚幼鱼对饲料中n-3HUFA的需要量为2.21%。
This experiment was conducted to study the requirement of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids（n-3 HUFA） of Sillago sihama.A total of 540 juvenile Sillago sihama an with average body weight of（6.0±0.6） g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.Fish in the six groups were fed the isonitrogenic and isolipidic diets for 8 weeks,and the dietary n-3 HUFA levels were0.53%,0.80%,1.22%,1.62%,2.12% and 2.56%,respectively.The results showed as follow s：1） the weight gain rate and specific grow th rate of 2.12% group were the highest and significantly higher than those of0.53% group（P〈0.05）;the feed conversion rate of 2.12% group was the lowest and significantly lower than that of 0.53% group（P〈0.05）;the hepatosomatic index of 2.12% group was the lowest and significantly low-er than that of 0.53% and 0.80% groups（P〈0.05）;the condition factor of 2.12% group was the highest and significantly higher than that of other groups except 1.62% group（P〈0.05）.2） There were no significant differences on the contents of moisture,crude protein and crude ash of whole body among all groups（P〉0.05）;the whole body ether extract content of 1.62% group was the highest and significantly higher than that of other groups except 1.62% group（P〈0.05）.3） The serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）content of 2.56% group was significantly higher than that of other groups except 2.12% group（P〈0.05）,the serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） content of 0.80% group was significantly higher than that of other groups（P〈0.05）,the serum alanine aminotransferase（ALT） activity of 1.22% group was significantly lower than that of other groups（P〈0.05）,the serum aspartate aminotransferase（AST） activity of0.80% group was significantly lower than that of other groups（P〈0.05）;the contents of total cholesterol（T-CHOL） and triglyceride（TG） in serum of 0.53% group were significantly lower than those of other groups（P〈0.05）,and the contents of T-CHOL and TG in serum of 0.80% group were significantly higher than those of other groups（P〈0.05）.4） There were no significant differences on the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD） and acid phosphatase（ACP） in serum among all groups（P〈0.05）,the serum alkaline phosphatase（AKP） activity of 2.12% and 2.56% groups was significantly lower than that of other groups except 1.62%group（P〈0.05）,the serum catalase（CAT） activity of 1.62% group was significantly lower than that of other groups except 1.22% and 1.12% groups（P〈0.05）.5） With dietary n-3 HUFA level increased,the contents of C18∶3 n-3,C20∶5 n-3 and C22 ∶6 n-3 in liver were significantly increased（P〈0.05）,and the liver C18∶2 n-6 content was significantly decreased（P〈0.05）.6） With dietary n-3 HUFA level increased,the contents of C18 ∶2 n-6 and C20∶4 n-6 in muscle were showed a decreasing trend,and those of 2.12% and 2.56% groups were significantly lower than those of other groups（P〈0.05）;the contents of C20∶5 n-3 and C22∶6 n-3 in muscle were showed a increasing trend,and those of 2.56% group were significantly higher than those of other groups（P〈0.05）.In conclusion,based on the weight gain rate,the requirement of n-3 HUFA level in diets for juvenile Sillago sihama determined by broken-line model is 2.21%.
作者
何昊伦
董晓慧
谭北平
杨奇慧
迟淑艳
刘泓宇
章双
杨原志
张海涛
HE Haolun;DONG Xiaohui;TAN Beiping;YANG Qihui;CHI Shuyan;LIU Hongyu;ZHANG Shuang;YANG Yuanzhi;ZHANG Haitao(Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed,College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic,Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China,Ministry of Agriculture,Zhanjiang 524000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期4514-4525,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
渔港建设和渔业产业发展专项(A201608C06)
湛江市财政资金科技专项竞争性分配项目(2016A3022)
广东省省级科技计划项目(2015A020209170)
现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-47)
关键词
多鳞鱚
n-3高不饱和脂肪酸
生长性能
血清生化指标
组织脂肪酸含量
Sillago sihama
n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid
growth performance
serum biological parameters
tissue fatty acid contents
