摘要
全氟烷基酸类化合物(perfluoroalkyl Acids,PFAAs)在各环境介质中被普遍检出,对生态环境和人体健康具有潜在风险.为探明旅游型城市不同水体PFAAs污染特征及其前体物对污染的贡献,以典型旅游型城市——日照市为例,基于超高效液相色谱-串联质谱,结合WAX固相萃取及羟基自由基氧化等方法,系统分析了日照市主要河流水体和污水厂出水中15种PFAAs及其3种前体物的含量水平和空间分布特征,探讨PFAAs前体物的转化潜力及其对污染的贡献.结果表明,在上述水体中15种PFAAs普遍被检出,前体物中只有全氟辛基磺酰胺(perfluorooctane sulfoneamide,FOSA)被检出;在河流水体和污水厂出水中总质量浓度(ΣPFAAs)分别为3. 79~45. 58 ng·L^(-1)和54. 04~105. 64 ng·L^(-1),其中质量浓度较高的污染物是全氟辛烷磺酸(perfluorooctanesulfonic acid,PFOS)、全氟己烷磺酸(perfluorohexanesulfonic acid,PFHx S)、全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA)和全氟壬酸(perfluorononanoic acid,PFNA).河流水体ΣPFAAs明显低于污水厂出水,河流下游水体高于上游.运用羟基自由基氧化法对样品进行氧化处理后,所有样品PFAAs的质量浓度都明显升高;相对于河流水体,污水厂出水中碳原子数为4~12的全氟羧酸类化合物(perfluorinated carboxylic acids,PFCAs)浓度增加值(ΣΔPFCAC4~C12)更高,这可能是由于PFAAs前体物在污水处理过程中降解所致.研究成果可为旅游城市新型污染物环境污染防治提供数据支撑和技术借鉴.
Perfluoroalkyl acids （PFAAs） are commonly detected in various environmental media and can cause potential risks to the ecological environment and human health. The levels and spatial distribution of 15 types of PFAAs and 3 types of PFAA precursors in the main river water and effluents of three sewage treatment plants （STPs） of Rizhao City were systematically investigated based on methods such as uhra-pefformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS）, solid phase extraction and enrichment, and hydroxyl radical （-OH） oxidation to explore the pollution characteristics of PFAAs and the contribution of their precursors to environmental pollution in different water bodies of typical tourist cities. The results of this study reveal that 15 types of PFAAs and only perfluorooctane sulfoneamide （FOSA） among the precursors are detectable in most of the water samples. The total concentration of PFAAs （∑PFAAs） in the river water and sewage effluents is 3.79-45.58 ng·L^-1 and 54.04- 105.64 ng·L^-1 , respectively. The predominant PFAAs are perfluorooetanesulfonic acid （PFOS）, perfluorohexanesulfonic acid （PFHxS）, perfluorooctanoic acid （PFOA） , and perfluorononanoic acid （PFNA）. The , PFAAs value of the river samples is notably lower than that of sewage treatment plant （STP） effluents. An increasing tendency was observed from the upstream to the downstream of the rivers. After hydroxyl radical oxidation treatment, the PFAA concentrations of rivers and STPs increase notably, The increased concentrations of perfluorinated carboxylic acids （PFCAs） with 4-12 perfluoroalkyl carbon chains （∑ APFCAc4_c12） in the STP effluents are much higher than those in the river, which might be induced by the degradation of precursors during the sewage treatment processes. The results of this research provide basic data and technical support for environmental pollution prevention of new emerging pollutants in tourist cities.
作者
王世亮
孙建树
杨月伟
张敏
WANG Shi-liang;SUN Jian-shu;YANG Yue-wei;ZHANG Min(School of Geography and Tourism,Qufu Normal University,Rizhao 276826,China;School of Life Science,Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期5494-5502,共9页
Environmental Science
基金
中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目(IWHR-SKL-201613)
国家自然科学基金项目(31672314)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2018DM007)
关键词
全氟烷基酸
前体物
分布
转化
日照
perfluoroalkyl acids
precursors
distribution
transformation
Rizhao
