摘要
可持续发展概念的核心内容之一是代际公平。然而,由于环境利益享受和环境保护责任承担的背离,实现代际公平遇到了各种阻力。对此,国家应当发挥其必要作用。在法制方面,各个部门法应对涉及本领域的环境问题予以关注,实现法律的环境法化;在决策过程中,要引入生态系统服务的思考方式,对环境的价值进行充分考虑的同时,对未来环境利益的社会折现率进行合理设定,保障后代人的环境利益不受损害。然而,在当前的民主制度下,由于缺乏后代人利益的代表人,子孙后代的利益往往被忽视。为此,要重视环境组织作为后代人利益代言人的作用,保障环境保护组织能够参与到相应的政治过程和行政程序之中。为防止把当前环境破坏的代价转移给后代人,环境开发中应该充分贯彻污染者负担的原则。在涉及可能造成重大环境破坏的高风险项目时,应当对环境风险进行充分评估,防止环境风险过度转移给子孙后代。
One of the core concept of sustainable development is intergenerational equity.However,since the departing between environmental benefits enjoyment and environmental responsibility,achieving intergenerational equity encounters various obstacles.So the state should play its necessary role.In the legal system,the various departments of law should deal with environmental issues in its field.In the decision-making process,it is necessary to consider ecosystem services and the value of the environment.Meanwhile,the future social discount rate of environmental interests should be set reasonable to protect environmental interests of future generations.However,in the current democratic system,due to lack of representative of future generations,the interests of future generations is often overlooked.Therefore,we must pay attention to the role of environmental organizations,ensuring its participation in the political process and administrative procedures.In order to prevent the current cost of environmental damage from being transferred to future generations,it is necessary to fully implement the polluter-pays principle.Regarding high-risk environmental projects,a full assessment should be taken about environmental risk to prevent excessive environmental risk from being transferred to future generations.
出处
《财经法学》
2016年第4期65-72,共8页
Law and Economy
关键词
可持续发展
代际公平
国家的作用
环保组织
污染者负担原则
Sustainable development
Intergenerational equity
The role of the state
Environ-mental protection organization
Polluter-pays principle
