摘要
改革开放四十年间,上海作为全国社区建设的先导者,以'两级政府、三级管理'为中轴,不断地适应改革开放的进程,发展出具有代表性的上海社区建设与治理模式。就其具体进程来看,其社区治理体系变迁可概括为三大阶段:一是,社区治理体系的萌芽与初现阶段,主要表现为以社区服务的出现与开展;二是社区治理体系的构建与完善,表现为以社区为基础的管理职能;三是社区治理体系的改革与创新,表现为全面重建上海的街道社区体系。本文对上海社区治理发展过程进行了中观和微观层面的梳理,并以'国家—地方政府—社区'的运动逻辑为分析框架,考察上海社区在四十年变迁进程背后的逻辑,发现上海在城市社区治理领域取得的众多突破均是国家与地方对改革的适应性变革的共同结果,即国家政策、地方创新、微观主体的共同作用。国家政策为全国社区发展建设提供了合法性和推动力,而地方创新则展现了地方政府和基层社区面对改革带来的机遇和问题的实践的创新性和特殊性。
During the past 40 years of Reform and Opening-Up,Shanghai,as the pioneer of community construction nationwide,has developed a representative model of community construction and governance with the'twolevel government and three-level management'as the central axis.Reviewing the process,the transformation of Shanghai’s community governance system can be divided into three stages:the first one is the budding age when community services emerged and developed;the second stage is featured with the construction and perfection of community governance system,when the community-based administration function was established;and the third stage is featured with the reform and innovation of community governance system,when Shanghai’s district-level community system was reconstructed in a comprehensive way.This paper reviews the development process of Shanghai’s community governance from the meso and micro levels.Based on the analytical framework of'state-local government-community',the present study investigates the logic behind the changes of Shanghai’s community in the past40 years.It is found that many breakthroughs made in Shanghai’s urban community governance result from both the central and local government’s adaptability changes as with the Reform.That is,the joint actions of national policies,local innovations and micro-level agents.National policies provide legitimacy and impetus for national community development and construction,while local innovations display the creativeness and particularity of the practices of local governments and grassroots communities when facing the opportunities and problems brought by the Reform.
作者
郭圣莉
尹露
Guo Shengli;Yin Lu
出处
《城市治理研究》
2019年第1期66-86,4-5,共22页
Urban Governance Studies
关键词
上海城市
社区治理体系
“两级政府、三级管理”
Shanghai’s Urban Community Governance
Community Governance System
'Two-Level Government,Three-Level Management'
