摘要
在东祁连山甘肃省天祝县高寒草甸采用模拟藏绵羊、牦牛践踏及降水试验,分析草甸地上植被群落高度、生殖枝数量以及生物量变化,研究家畜践踏和降水对高寒草甸的影响。结果表明:两年试验处理下草甸群落高度、总生殖枝密度及地上生物量均随模拟降水量的减少、践踏强度的增加呈下降趋势,生殖枝死亡数呈上升趋势。同一水分处理下,践踏末期的群落高度、总生殖枝密度及地上生物量均显著低于未践踏处理(P<0.05),生殖枝死亡数显著高于对照(P<0.05)。相同践踏强度下,丰水处理草地地上生物量均显著高于缺水处理(P<0.05)。缺水处理(40 mm/月)下,较对照第1年藏羊和牦牛重度践踏区地上生物量分别下降49.88%、75.54%,次年分别下降55.46%、77.13%。相同践踏强度下,两年藏羊践踏处理的群落高度、总生殖枝密度及地上生物量均高于牦牛践踏,生殖枝死亡数低于牦牛践踏。研究认为,家畜践踏抑制了高寒草甸植物的生长,且抑制程度牦牛大于藏羊;充足的水分可显著缓解践踏对高寒草甸植被生长的抑制作用。
The effects of livestock trampling and precipitation on subalpine meadow were studied by analyzing the changes of vegetation community height,the number of reproductive branches and biomass with a two-factor(simulated Tibetan sheep and yak trampling and precipitation) controlled experiment of alpine meadow on eastern Qilian Mountains in Tianzhu County,Gansu Province.The results showed that the community height,density of total reproductive branches and aboveground biomass under the two-year treatment were all decreased with the increasing of simulated precipitation and trampling intensity,while the death of reproductive branches was increased.Under the same precipitation condition,the community height,density of total reproductive branches and aboveground biomass were all significantly lower than CK(P<0.05),while death of reproductive branches was significantly higher than CK(P<0.05) at the end of trampling treatment.Under the same trampling intensity,the aboveground biomass of grassland under the high level precipitation treatment was significantly higher than lower level precipitation treatment(P<0.05).Under the lower level precipitation condition(40 mm/month),compared with the control,the aboveground biomass of heavy trampling plot by Tibetan sheep and yak was decreased by 49.88% and 75.54% respectively in the first year and decreased by 55.46% and 77.13% respectively in the following year.Besides,the community height,density of total reproductive branches and aboveground biomass of Tibetan sheep trampling in two years were all higher than yak trampling,and the death of reproductive branches showed the opposite pattern.It could be concluded that livestock trampling inhibited the plant growth,and the inhibitory degree of yak was greater than Tibetan sheep.Meanwhile,the sufficient precipitation could significantly alleviate the inhibitory effect of trampling.
作者
潘涛涛
吴玉宝
徐长林
肖红
柴锦隆
鱼小军
PAN Tao-tao;WU Yu-bao;XU Chang-lin;XIAO Hong;CHAI Jin-Long;YU Xiao-jun(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education,Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazing land Ecosystem Sustainability/Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Lanzhou730070,China)
出处
《草原与草坪》
CAS
CSCD
2019年第1期60-68,共9页
Grassland and Turf
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"牦牛和藏羊践踏对高寒草甸的分异影响机制"(31360570)资助
关键词
高寒草甸
模拟践踏
模拟降水
地上生物量
alpine meadow
simulated trampling
simulated precipitation
aboveground biomass
