摘要
"货物控制权"并非一个新生事物,既有货物运输公约和民间规则对之均有规定,尽管在细节上不尽相同。其本质是托运人在运输合同下对货物的处分权。《鹿特丹规则》首次以专章形式对货物控制权作了较为完备的体系化构建,然而其制度内核并无多大新意,很大程度上借鉴了CMR第12条和CIM1999第18、19条的规定。货物控制权的制度价值重在确保不可转让运输单证使用下货方阵营多个主体针对货物的各项权益安全、有序的实现,维护国际商贸,尤其是国际海运各环节的安全、高效和有序。我国《海商法》缺乏货物控制权规定,《合同法》第308条的规定过于简陋,我们应借鉴《鹿特丹规则》货物控制权立法的积极成果,舍弃其部分不科学的规定,同时参照其他运输公约相关规定,充实和完善我国货物控制权规则。
The right of control of goods under the Rotterdam Rules is not an innovation,because it has been stipulated,even though different in details,by existing transport conventions and CMI rules.Actually,such right is in nature the shipper's right to dispose of the goods under the contract of carriage.The Rotterdam Rules contributes a whole chapter discussing the right of control and thus firstly established the systematic structure for the rules of right of control under the international transport law.However, with regard to the core content of the rules of right of control under the Rotterdam Rules, the innovation,if any,is limited,and most of these rules are derived from provisions of Article 12 of the CMR and Article 18,19 of the CIM1999.The institutional value of the right of control mainly lies in safeguarding the rights and interests of interested parties in goods from disorder and insecurity on the occasion of using non-negotiable transport documents,and in promoting and guaranteeing the safety,efficiency and harmony of the international trade,particularly of each operation chain of the international carriage of goods by sea.The Maritime Code of the PRC does not provide any provision on the right of control,and Article 308 under the Contract Law of the PRC is a rather general provision for the right of control.According to the aforesaid situations,in order to perfect the rules of right of control in our legislation,it is necessary to utilize the legislative fruits elaborated in the Rotterdam Rules and disregard some unscientific provisions thereof.In addition,it is also useful to refer to the relevant rules under other transport conventions.
出处
《武大国际法评论》
CSSCI
2010年第S1期210-235,共26页
Wuhan University International Law Review
基金
"武汉大学2008年博士研究生(含1+4)自主科研项目"资助
项目编号:20081060202000113
关键词
鹿特丹规则
货物控制权
不可转让运输单证
Rotterdam Rules
Right of control of goods
Non-negotiable transport document
