摘要
本研究所用植物材料于1980—1982年分期分批取自河南郑州和北京等地的毛白杨Populus tomentosa Carr雄株。小孢子发生属同时型。四分体排列有三种形式:四面体形、左右对称形和交叉型。单核小孢子有丝分裂多不均等,少为均等分裂,形成大小一致的两个细胞,以致营养细胞和生殖细胞无法区别,这部分小孢子可能已在体内即走上Vasil(1980)所归纳的组织培养过程中孢子体发育的B途径。对毛白杨雄性不育的形态解剖特征着重予以描述。不散粉的花药皱缩;花粉囊壁层表皮细胞的胞壁呈犬牙状;败育花粉形态多样,大小不一;无核或核极小;无色或染色极深。从发育过程来看,花粉的败育主要是由于减数分裂Ⅱ末期产生不正常四分体的缘故。同时,绒毡层在减数分裂期间发育极不正常,可能与花粉的败育有密切的关系。
Plant material used in this paper,was collected periodically in consequent lots from male trees of Populus tomentosa Carr.growing in Zhengzhou,Henan province,and,Beijing during the period of 1980-1982.Observations showed that microsporogenesis is of the simultaneous type.The arrangement of tetrads is of three types,tetrahedral,isobila-teral and cross shaped.Most mitoses of the microspores are unequal; but some are equal and form two equal cells with which no vegetative and generative cells can be distinguished.It is porsible that,such micro-spores have already been developed along the B ways in tissue culture of plant. Detail descriptions of the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the sterile male were given,anthers shedding no pollen grains became contracted and wrinkle at maturity,wall of epidermis cells of anther wall became canine tooth-like; shapes and sizes of sterile pollens were extremely variant; nuclei none or very small and colorless or deeply stained.Pollen abortion was perhaps due to abnormal tetrads formed in end of meiosis I.During meiosis the tapetum development was also very abnormal.This behavior of tapetum may have close relation with pollen abortion.
