摘要
邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)化合物的生产量和使用量不断增加,导致土壤环境的PAEs污染问题日益突显。一些种类PAEs具有雌激素效应和"三致"效应,因此,PAEs化合物对土壤生态系统各类生物体的生态毒性已引起广泛关注。文章在国内外现有文献研究基础上,综合论述PAEs的土壤污染现状及其对高等植物、土壤微生物和土壤无脊椎动物等的生态毒性研究进展,以期为PAEs污染土壤的生态毒理学深入研究和发展提供参考。研究发现,中国许多地区的农业土壤中均有PAEs被检出,部分土壤中PAEs总量可高达几十mg·kg^(-1),一些PAEs单体含量超出了美国环保局土壤PAEs控制标准。PAEs对植物体在个体、生理、细胞及分子水平上均具有生态毒性效应;PAEs对土壤微生物的群落结构、种群数量和活性均可产生影响,进而影响土壤的正常功能;PAEs对土壤无脊椎动物蚯蚓的生态毒性效应研究则刚刚起步,高浓度的PAEs对蚯蚓具有急性毒性和繁殖毒性,蚯蚓分子及基因水平毒理学指标研究有望为低浓度PAEs的生态毒性效应研究提供新的敏感的生物标记物。
The production and utilization of phthaic acid esters (PAEs) increase continuously in recent years, and the soilc ontamination with PAEs is becoming more and more serious. Some PAEs compouds have estrogenic, carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects; therefore, the ecotoxicity of PAEs to organisms in the soil ecosystem has attracted more and more attention from the public. The research advances on the soil PAEs contamination situation and the ecotoxicity of PAEs to high plants, soil microbes,and soil invertebrates were discussed based on the literatures, so as to provide the reference for the further research on soilecotoxicity contaminated with PAEs. Results showed that many agricultural lands were contaminated by PAEs, and the total PAE sconcentration in some of them reached several to dozens of milligrams per kilogram (mg·kg-1). PAEs were ecotoxic to plants at individual, physiological, cellular, and molecular level. PAEs affected the community structure, population number and the activity of soil microbial. In addition, the ecotoxicity effect of PAEs to the soil invertebrate such as the earthworm has started in recent years.Researches showed that PAEs with high concentration had the acute toxicity and reproduction toxicity. The toxicological indexes at molecular and genetic level are expected to provide the new sensitive biomarkers to the ecotoxicity effect of PAEs with low concentration.
作者
宋雪英
崔小维
李嘉康
郭畔
魏建兵
SONG Xueying;CUI Xiaowei;LI Jiakang;GUO Pan;WEI Jianbing(Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation of Ministry of Education//Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第11期1885-1890,共6页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(21377139
21307084
41571092)
辽宁省教育厅高校杰出青年学者成长计划项目(LJQ2013121)
沈阳市科学事业费竞争性选择项目(城市生态环境风险管理与修复技术)
