摘要
目的回顾国内外创建无烟医院的研究进展和关注焦点,为推进我国医疗机构控烟政策的执行提供建议。方法回顾收录在Pubmed、Medline、OVID等英文文献数据库及中国知网、万方和维普等中文文献数据库中的关于医院控烟的文献,总结国内外无烟医院相关政策的情况、医院职工和患者的态度、医院控烟面临的挑战以及应对措施等内容。结果初检共命中英文文献2452篇,中文文献502篇,共计2954篇,筛选后最终分别纳入64篇和48篇。无烟医院的控烟政策涵盖了成立医院控烟领导层、积极开展控烟宣传和教育以及提供戒烟辅助服务等内容;医院职工和患者对医院控烟政策大多表示支持和理解,且认为医院控烟有利于其戒烟意识的提升;医院控烟面临着医护人员控烟水平低下、戒烟辅助服务费用高昂等多方面挑战,可以通过组织戒烟知识技能培训、将戒烟辅助服务纳入常规诊疗服务等途径进行有效应对。结论创建无烟医院不仅高度可行,且意义重大深远,我国应尽快推动全国性立法,以促进国内的医疗机构实现无烟化。
Objective The paper aims to review the progress and focuses of domestic and foreign researches on the establishment of smoke-free hospital in order to provide suggestions for boosting the implementation of tobacco control policies of medical institutions in China.Method Literatures about tobacco control in hospitals collected in such English literature databases as Pubmed,Medline,and OVID and such Chinese literature databases as CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP were reviewed,and the following contents were summarized:the conditions of relevant policies of smoke-free hospitals at home and abroad,the attitudes of hospital staff and patients,and the challenges to and countermeasures for tobacco control in hospitals.Result A total of2,954literatures,including2,452in English and502in Chinese,were targeted in initial review,and64and48were finally included respectively after screening.The tobacco control policies of smoke-free hospitals covered the establishment of hospital's tobacco control leadership,active publicity and education of tobacco control,and offer of auxiliary service for smoking cessation;the majority of hospital staff and patients showed they supported and understood the tobacco control policies of hospital and thought tobacco control in hospitals was conducive to the enhancement of smoking cessation awareness;tobacco control in hospitals was confronted with multiple challenges,such as low tobacco control level of medical personnel,high expenses of auxiliary service for smoking cessation,and so on,which could be coped with effectively by organizing trainings of smoking cessation knowledge and skills,incorporating the auxiliary service for smoking cessation into conventional diagnosis and treatment services,etc.Conclusion Establishing smoke-free hospitals is not only highly feasible but also of profound and far-reaching significance.China should promote national legislation as soon as possible to impel domestic medical institutions to become smoke-free.
作者
徐志杰
戚麟
王经杰
张殿勇
徐青松
Xu Zhijie;Qi Lin;Wang Jingjie(Student Brigade;Department of Humanities & Social Sciences;Training Department,Second Military Medical University, Shanghai City 200433, China)
出处
《中国医疗管理科学》
2017年第4期65-70,共6页
Chinese Journal Of Medical Management Sciences
关键词
控烟
国内外
控烟政策
控烟干预
无烟医院
Tobacco control
Domestic and foreign
Tobacco control policy
Tobacco control intervention
Smoke-free hospital
