摘要
刺萼龙葵(Solanum rostratum Dunal.)在中国是危害严重的外来入侵植物之一。为探明其入侵对土壤特征的影响,比较研究了荒地(WL)、路边(RS)、农田(FL)和林地(FY)生境中入侵样地(IA)和未入侵样地(CK)0~10、10~20 cm2个土层中酶活性和土壤养分含量,旨在为刺萼龙葵的防治提供理论数据。结果发现,对不同土层土壤养分而言,刺萼龙葵入侵对土壤铵态氮、速效磷、全磷和有机质的影响比较大。相对于未入侵样地(CK),随土壤深度增加,刺萼龙葵入侵提高了荒地、降低了林地土壤铵态氮含量,荒地增幅为25.39%,林地降幅为33.62%;提高了林地土壤速效磷含量,增幅为44.07%;提高了荒地、路边和农田土壤全磷含量,增幅分别为74.27%、28.26%和157.40%;降低了路边和农田及提高了林地土壤有机质含量,路边和农田分别下降48.04%、15.69%,林地升高110.30%;其他养分含量则无明显变化。对不同生境而言,刺萼龙葵入侵对路边和林地生境的土壤影响比较大,且不同生境的不同土壤养分含量变化有所不同。相对于林地生境的CK样地,随土壤深度增加,刺萼龙葵入侵提高了土壤有机质、全氮、全钾、速效钾及速效磷的含量,增幅分别为110.30%、37.60%、7.06%、44.78%和44.07%;降低了土壤铵态氮含量,降幅为33.62%;对土壤硝态则无明显影响。相对于路边生境的CK样地,随土壤深度增加,刺萼龙葵入侵提高了土壤全磷含量,增幅为28.26%;降低了土壤硝态氮、有机质含量及脲酶和磷酸酶活性,降幅分别为21.54%、48.04%、44.17%和37.50%;对其他土壤养分含量和酶活性则无明显影响。总之,对不同土层而言,刺萼龙葵对铵态氮、速效磷、全磷和有机质的影响较大;对生境而言,刺萼龙葵入侵对路边和林地的土壤养分和酶活性影响较大。
Solanum rostratum Dunal.is an invasive plant with serious harm in China.In order to analyze the influences of S.rostratum invasion on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in various habitats,soil were sampled at4habitats(including wasteland(WL),roadside(RS),farmland(FL)and forestry(FY))in this study,and every habitat include invasive(IA)and non-invasion sample(CK)under0~10,and10~20cm soil layers,to provide theoretical data for prevention of S.rostratum.The results indicated that the invasion of S.rostratum changed the soil nutrients.For the soil nutrient of different soil layers,effect of S.rostratum invasion on soil ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus,total phosphorus and organic matter was relatively large.Compared with the CK,S.rostratum intrusion improved soil ammonium nitrogen content of wasteland,and reduced the soil ammonium nitrogen content in forestry habitats with the increase of soil depth,wasteland increased by25.39%,and forestry decreased by33.62%;the content of available phosphorus in forestry was increased by44.07%;the total phosphorus content in the wasteland,roadside and farmland was increased by74.27%,28.26%and157.40%,respectively;soil organic matter content in roadside and farmland was decreased,by48.04%and15.69%respectively,while soil organic matter content in forestry soil was increased by110.30%;there was no significant change in other nutrients in the studied soils.In different habitats,effect of S.rostratum invasion on soil of the roadside and forestry habitat was relatively large,and the change trend of nutrients content in different soil of different habitats was not the same.Among them,with respect to the forestry habitats comparing with the CK,S.rostratum invasion increased the contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total potassium,available potassium and available phosphorus with the increased depth of soil,and the increase was110.30%,37.60%,7.06%,44.78%and44.07%,respectively;while the content of ammonium nitrogen in soil was decreased,and the decrease was33.62%;no significant effect on soil nitrate.With the increased depth of soil,S.rostratum intrusion improved the total phosphorus content in the roadside habitats relative to CK,and the increase was28.26%;the contents of nitrate nitrogen,organic matter,soil urease and phosphatase activity were decreased,and the decrease was21.54%,48.04%,44.17%and37.50%,respectively;no significant effect on soil nutrient content and enzyme activity of the studied soils.In general,for different soil depth,the influence of S.rostratum intrusion on the soil ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus,total phosphorus and organic matter are greatly;for habitats,the influence of S.rostratum intrusion on the soil nutrient and soil enzyme activities in the roadsideand forestry is larger than in other habitats.
作者
赵晓红
张国良
张瑞海
宋振
付卫东
ZHAO Xiaohong;ZHANG Guoliang;ZHANG Ruihai;SONG Zhen;FU Weidong(Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS, Beijing 100081, China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期924-930,共7页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFSF03)
关键词
入侵植物
刺萼龙葵
不同生境
土壤养分
土壤酶活性
invasive plant
Solanum rostratum
different habitats
soil nutrients
soil enzyme activity
