摘要
目的探究黄石市儿童急性下呼吸道人鼻病毒(human rhinovirus,HRV)感染的流行病学特点及相关危险因素。方法将黄石市中心医院2016年1月至2016年12月收治的2326例急性下呼吸道感染患儿纳入本研究,采集患儿的鼻咽抽吸物,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应检测呼吸道病毒[呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV),副流感病毒(parainfluenza virus,PIV)1、2、3型(PIV-1、PIV-2、PIV-3),流感病毒(influenza virus,IV)A、B型(IV-A、IV-B),腺病毒(adenovirus,ADV),人偏肺病毒(human metapneumovirus,h MPV),博卡病毒(human bocavirus,HBo V),肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumoniae,MP),HRV]。收集同期黄石市的平均气温、总降水量、平均湿度、总日照时间及平均风速等气象信息。分析HRV的流行病学特点及发病的相关危险因素。结果至少存在1种病原体阳性的患儿有1446例(62.2%),其中发病率最高的病原体为MP,其次为RSV、HRV、HBo V、PIV-3、h MPV、ADV、PIV-1、IV-A、PIV-2。所有检出病毒病原体的患儿中,共有HRV感染272例,其中单一HRV感染71例(26.1%),混合感染201例(73.9%);合并感染中最常见的是MP、HBo V及RSV感染。13~36个月患儿HRV的检出率最高,与其他年龄段患儿相比具有显著差异(P<0.05)。HRV感染患儿在3岁以内达到215例,占总感染人数的79.0%。HRV感染好发于夏、秋两季;HRV的检出率与当月平均气温呈显著正相关,与降水量、湿度及平均风速无显著相关性。结论 HRV是黄石市儿童急性下呼吸道感染的主要病原体之一。HRV感染好发于夏、秋两季,其发病率可能与气温有关。
Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of human rhinovirus acute low respiratory tract infection in children and the risk factors in Huangshi city.Method2326children diagnosed of acute low respiratory tract infection from January2016to November2016in Huangshi Central Hospital were collected for HRV detection using RT-PCR.The average temperature,total precipitation,average humidity,sunshine duration,average wind speed and other meteorological information in Huangshi were collected to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of HRV infection.Result There were at least1446positive children with1pathogen(62.2%),of which the highest incidence of pathogen was MP,followed by RSV,HRV,HBoV,PIV-3,hMPV,ADV,PIV-1,IV-A,PIV-2.All the detection of viral pathogens in children with HRV infection were272cases,in which a single HRV infection was71cases(26.1%),mixed infection in201cases(73.9%),among them,the most common infection were the MP,HBoV and RSV.The detection rate of HRV in13～36months group was the highest,and there was significant difference compared with other groups(P<0.05).HRV children within3years of age reached215cases,accounting for79.0%of the total number of infections.HRV infection occurred in summer and autumn two seasons;the detection rate of HRV was significantly positively correlated with the average temperature of the month,and had no significant correlation with precipitation,humidity and average wind speed.Conclusion Human rhinovirus is one of the main pathogens in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection in Huangshi.HRV infection occurs more frequently in summer and autumn,its incidence may be related with air temperature.
作者
周武斌
韩正一
ZHOU Wu-bin;HAN Zheng-yi(Department of Paediatrics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Hubei, Huangshi 435000, China;Department of Paediatrics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China)
出处
《中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）》
2017年第8期70-73,共4页
Chinese Journal of the Frontiers of Medical Science(Electronic Version)
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB945400)
关键词
下呼吸道感染
人鼻病毒
流行病学
危险因素
儿童
Low respiratory tract infection
Human rhinovirus
Risk factors
Epidemic
Children
