摘要
该文通过计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)对常见的3种不同冷板布置方式(冷板顶置、冷板侧置、冷板部分顶置部分侧置)下的空载冷藏车厢内温度场进行了10 h的非稳态数值模拟研究。结果表明:在10 h的非稳态模拟研究中,在车厢高度方向上由上往下,空气温度都呈现逐渐上升的趋势;在车厢长度方向上,靠近车厢中心的区域空气温度更低。壁面附近空气温度较高,温度梯度较大。其中,在冷板侧置的方式下,厢内整体温度较低,各测点温度在-9.5^-7℃范围内,且温度均匀性较好;在冷板部分顶置部分侧置的方式中,各测点温度在起始阶段温差较大,在末段温差有所缩小,最终各测点温度为-9^-7.2℃,测点整体温度与温差稍好于冷板顶置的方式。同时,冷板侧置的方式下,车厢的可用空间较小;冷板顶置的方式的可用容积较大,但是冷板布置于车厢顶部,充注共晶液后会导致车辆重心的上升,降低了冷藏车在运行时的稳定性;冷板部分顶置部分侧置的方式可用空间及重心介于冷板侧置的方式与冷板顶置的方式之间。综上所述,考虑到冷板侧置的冷板布置方式对货物的影响,优先选用冷板部分顶置部分侧置、冷板顶置的方式。综合考虑冷板布置方式对货物的影响,冷藏车厢内可用容积、冷藏车厢的重心高度等因素,研制了2种不同冷板布置方式的冷板冷藏车厢,对车内的温度场进行空载试验,结果表明冷板部分侧置、部分顶置的方式较为合理。同时经过10 h的试验,实测温度与模拟仿真温度的平均偏差为0.9℃,绝对误差在2.5℃以内,说明计算模型可以用于冷藏车厢内温度场的模拟。研究结果可为优化冷板冷藏车的冷板布置方式提供依据。
In this paper,we studied the uniformity of temperature field distribution of different cold plate arrangement,and learned the influence of the arrangement of cold plate on the distribution uniformity of temperature field in the carriage,so as to provide basis for further research.In this paper,the unsteady numerical simulation of the temperature field in the no-load refrigerated compartment with three different cold plate arrangements(cold plate set by top,by side,and partially by top partially by side)was carried for10h by computing CFD(computational fluid dynamics).It was found that the air temperature showed a rising trend from top to bottom in the height direction of the carriage.In the direction of the length of the car,the regional air temperature near the center of the car was lower.The air temperature near the wall was higher,and the temperature gradient was larger.When the cold plates were set on side,the whole compartment temperature was low after10hours,and the temperature of each measuring point was in the range of-9.5--7℃.The temperature uniformity was good.When the cold plates were partially set by top and partially set on side,the temperatures of different measuring points were vastly different at the beginning,and the temperature difference was reduced at the end,with the final temperature of each measuring point in the range of-9-7.2℃.In this situation,the overall temperature and the temperature differences were slightly better than that with cold plate completely set on top.At the same time,when the cold plates were set on side,the available space of the compartment was small,and there was the risk that there might be collisions between the goods and the cold plate in the operation of the refrigerated vehicle,which might be a threat to the safe transportation of the goods.The available area of the cold plate was larger,but because the cold plates were arranged on the top of the vehicle,the Eutectic liquid will lead to the increase of the center of gravity of the vehicle,and the stability of the refrigerated vehicle in operation could be reduced.The available space and the height of the center of gravity of the compartment with cold plates partially set on top and partially set on side were between the two arrangements above.In view of the above,considering the effect of the arrangement of the cold plates on the goods,the cold plates partially set on top and partially set on side were selected as a priority.Considering the influence of the arrangement of the cold plate on the cargo,the available volume in refrigerated vehicles and the height of center of gravity of refrigerated vehicles,two kinds of cold plate refrigerated vehicles with different cold plates arrangements were prepared.At the same time,after10h,the deviation between the measured temperature and the simulated temperature was about2.5℃,which showed that the calculation model can be used to simulate the temperature field in refrigerated compartment.The results provide a basis for improving the arrangement of the cold plate and optimizing the arrangement of the cold plate of the cold plate refrigerated vehicle.
作者
谢如鹤
唐海洋
陶文博
刘广海
刘康佳
吴俊章
Xie Ruhe;Tang Haiyang;Tao Wenbo;Liu Guanghai;Liu Kangjia;Wu Junzhang(Institute of Logistics and Transport, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第24期290-298,共9页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
广东省科技计划项目(No.2016B020205004
No.2017B090907028
No.611138153066)
国家科技支撑计划农业领域项目(新型冷藏及保鲜运输技术与装备/2013BAD19B01-1)
关键词
冷藏
数值模拟
温度分布
冷板冷藏车
布置方式
cold storage
numerical simulation
temperature distribution
cold plate
arrangement form
