摘要
【目的】研究遮阴条件下滴灌冬小麦灌浆期旗叶光合日变化特征。【方法】在大田滴灌条件下,以新冬40号为试验材料,在自然光和遮阴50%两个光照处理下分别设置450×10~4(M1)、525×10~4(M2)、600×10~4(M3)、675×10~4(M4)和750×10~4株/hm^2(M5)5个种植密度,研究不同处理对滴灌冬小麦叶面积指数(LAI)、叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、灌浆期光合日变化特性及产量的影响。【结果】遮阴明显降低了滴灌冬小麦的LAI,但与自然光相比,遮阴处理下SPAD值略有提高。遮阴导致各密度处理冬小麦叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)均表现出不同程度的下降,但胞间CO2浓度(Ci)升高;冬小麦有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重及产量明显降低,其降幅依次为4.14%~11.44%、5.76%~9.05%、7.15~22.47%和16.12%~33.54%。【结论】在50%遮阴条件下,M2处理(525×10~4株/hm^2)各项生理指标表现较好,产量最高,为5250.26 kg/hm^2,可供大田生产参考。
【Objective】To explore the diurnal variation of shading and planting density on photosynthetic characteristic of winter wheat's flag leaf during filling stage under drip irrigation.【Method】Five plant population experiments450×104plant/hm2(M1),525×104plant/hm2(M2),600×104plant/hm2(M3),675×104plant/hm2(M4),750×104plant/hm2(M5)were conducted in the circumstance of natural light(S0)and shading50%(S1),respectively,and the leaf area index(LAI),chlorophyll content(SPAD),daily variation of flag's photosynthetic characteristic during filling stage and grain yield were observed to study the effects of different light conditions and population on above indexes of wheat.【Result】The results showed that LAI was descended significantly under S1treatments,but SPAD was little higher than that of S0.Under shading condition,net photosynthetic rate(P n),transpiration rate(T r),stomatal conductance(G s)were all decreased at different degree while intercellular CO2concentration(C i)increased,besides,spike number,grains per spike,1,000-grain weight and yield were significant lower than those of in natural light treatments,the extent of reduction were in order of4.14%-11.44%,5.76%-9.05%,7.15-22.47%and16.12%-33.54%.【Conclusion】Comprehensive analysis of various indicators,in50%shading treatment,M2treatment(5million250thousand/(plants·hm2))had better performance in terms of the physiological indexes,the highest yield,5,250.26kg/hm2,so it can be used as reference to the field production.
作者
张永强
陈兴武
赛力汗.赛
薛丽华
雷钧杰
ZHANG Yong-qiang;CHENG Xing-wu;Sailihan Sai;XUE Li-hua;LEI Jun-jie(Research Institute of Grain Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第12期2164-2173,共10页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家小麦产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-3-49)
新疆农业科学院青年基金项目(xjnkq-2016012)
农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题(25107020-201704)~~
关键词
冬小麦
遮阴
密度
滴灌
光合日变化
产量
winter wheat
shading
planting density
drip irrigation
the diurnal variation of photosynthesis
yield
