摘要
郡政府与公司签订合同恢复废弃的土地,郡政府提前给公司预支了款项,由公司用该笔款项购买设备;而该笔款项从拟支付给公司的总款项中扣除。为了保护郡政府的利益,合同规定一方当事人所有的设备、商品及原材料等物资,一旦被固定在合同约定的地点,都属于郡政府。而为了完成该工程,当事人在任何时间都可以出售上述建筑设备、临时工程和未经使用的产品和原材料,并将出售的收入用于偿还已到清偿期的款项或者根据合同将到清偿期的款项。上议院认为,一项赋予债权人可以出售债务人的财产并将所得款项抵偿债务人对自己欠款的合同权利就是一项担保权利;并且因为涉及的财产(建筑设备、临时性工程、施工现场的商品和物资)属于可变动的资产,在合同当事人正常经营过程中能够消耗或者移出现场,这属于浮动抵押。根据《公司法》第395条第(1)项的规定,未进行登记的抵押不能对抗清算人和管理人和公司的任何债权人,也不能对抗处于清算或者接管阶段的让与人。郡政府的权利构成担保物权,但因未登记而无效,即使当事人在合同中规定郡政府享有合同抵销权,因不符合成文法的规定而无效;衡平法并不干预并保护未能遵守成文法规范的当事人。
The Council and the corporation signed the contract in order to rehabilitate the discardedland.The Council advanced some payment to the company to buy the equipment,and the money should bededucted from the total amount paid to the Council.In order to protect the benefit of the Council,the contractclarified that all the equipment,commodity and raw material possessed by one party would be the property of theCouncil once they are fixed in a contractually agreed location.In order to complete the construction,any partycould sell the said construction equipment,temporary works and unused goods and materials at any time,andapply the proceeds of sale in or towards the satisfaction of any sums due or which may become due under thecontract.House of Lords concluded a contractual right enabling a creditor to sell his debtor’s goods and apply theproceeds in or towards satisfaction of the debt is a right of a security character.Furthermore,since the property(constructional plant,temporary works,goods and materials on the site)was a fluctuating body of assets whichcould be consumed or removed from the site in the ordinary course of the contractor's business,it was a floatingcharge.The failure to register the charge under section395(1)made the charge void against the liquidator,administrator or any creditor of the company.The right of the Council constituted a guarantee right but was voidbecause it did not register.Even if their contract provided the Council with a contractual right of set-off,itwas void for failure to comply with applicable statutory provisions.The equity doesn’t intervene and protect theCouncil from its failure to comply with the statutory provisions.
出处
《苏州大学学报（法学版）》
2018年第1期146-160,共15页
Journal of Soochow University：Law Edition
关键词
担保权利
浮动抵押
登记效力
合同抵销权
成文法
衡平法
the Right of Security
Floating Charge
the Effectiveness of Registration
the Contractual Right of Set-off
Statutory Law
Equity
