摘要
清末川边改土归流时期,驻藏帮办大臣凤全在巴塘被戕杀,史称"凤全事件",该事件的发生震惊中外,这是清末发生在巴塘境内数次事件中影响最深、性质最恶劣的一次。目前,学界对该事件的起因,已有一定的讨论,大多认为凤全强制推行限制当地寺庙僧侣人数的政策、个人的性格、藏传佛教寺庙从中作梗、巴塘百姓的仇洋情绪和巴塘处在川藏要塞等是事件的起因。这些观点,不无道理,但未能解释川边在凤全推行上述政策之前,巴塘也曾发生过多次冲突事件,却未危及官员生命。因此,笔者将"凤全事件"放在具体的历史背景和权力关系网中来考察,认为长期以来巴塘地方土司、寺庙和西藏上层保持密切联系,并形成复杂的权力关系,中西文化的碰撞以及朝廷对巴塘地方社会管理的"内刚外柔"政策才是事件的根本原因,其结果是朝廷下决心治理川边,推行改土归流。
The minister of the Tibet Autonomous Region was murdered in Batang during Bureaucratization of Chieftains in Chuanbian.The“Fengquan Event”shocked both Chinese and foreigners.This was the most affected and most severe of the events in Batang of that time.There are some discussions on the cause of the event,and most of them think that the policy of restricting the number of lamas,the individual character of Fengquan,Lama Temple put obstacles in the way,the feelings of hating foreigners of Batang people and Batang itself in the Sichuan-Tibet fortress and other factors is the cause of the event.These views not unreasonable to some extent,but failed to explain the full implementation of the above-mentioned policy in front of the event,Batang had already happened many conflicts.The author thinks that the local Tusi,the temple and the upper layer of Tibet have been in close contact for a long time and formed a complicated power relationship,the conflict between the Chinese and western cultures.The court of Batang local social management of the“just hard inside but soft outside”policy is the root cause of the event,the direct impact of Zhao Erfeng to promote the Bureaucratization of Chieftains in Chuanbian.
作者
李何春
Li Hechun(The Institute of Politics and Law,Guangxi Teachers Eolucation Uninsity,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)
出处
《西藏研究》
北大核心
2017年第6期34-40,共7页
Tibetan Studies
基金
国家社科基金西部项目"清代以来川滇藏交界区盐税改革与基层社会治理研究"(项目编号:15XMZ012)的阶段性成果
关键词
川边
改土归流时期
凤全事件
起因
影响
Chuanbian
Bureaucratization of Chieftain
“the Fengquan Event”
Cause
Significance
