摘要
核电厂建有乏燃料水池(以下简称"乏池"),以贮存堆芯卸出的含有大量放射性物质的乏燃料组件。如果乏池发生恐怖袭击、爆炸、火灾等超设计基准事故,就可能导致乏燃料直接损伤或乏池的结构性损伤而使水池排空,乏燃料失去冷却,放射性物质大量释放进入环境。美国9·11事件和日本福岛核事故发生后,美国修订了联邦法规并发布了相关命令以及一系列技术指导文件,要求核电厂考虑在遭遇由于爆炸或火灾导致的大面积损伤后,维持和恢复乏燃料冷却的措施,本文对9·11事件和福岛核事故后美国核电厂乏池事故缓解对策进行了介绍。
The spent fuel pool(SFP)of nuclear power plant(NPP)will keep the spent fuel assemblies which contain massive radioactive substances.Such accidents beyond design base like terrorist attack,explosion or fire may lead to direct damage of the spent fuel or constructional damage of the SFP which will result in drain of SPF,and the radioactive substance will be massively release into environment because the cooling of Spent Fuel is disabled.After 9/11 event and Fukushima nuclear accident,USA government revised CFR and issued relative orders and series of technical guidance documents,which required NPPs should consider measures to maintain and restore the cooling functions after the loss of large areas of SFP caused by possible explosion or fire accidents.This article will introduce USA NPPs mitigation solutions for accident of SFP after 9/11 event and Fukushima nuclear accident.
作者
赵丹妮
李娟
李明
刘宇
崔贺锋
ZHAO Danni;LI Juan;LI Ming;LIU Yu;CUI Hefeng(Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,MEP,Beijing 100082,China)
出处
《核安全》
2018年第1期44-51,共8页
Nuclear Safety
基金
CAP1400严重事故校核计算及审评技术研究
项目编号:2013ZX06002001-05
关键词
核电厂
乏燃料水池
核安全
大面积损伤
缓解对策
nuclear power plant
spent fuel pool
nuclear safety
the loss of large areas
mitigating strategies
