摘要
海绵城市有助于缓解中国城市与雨水处理模式相关的四大问题,即水资源缺乏、城市内涝、水生态破坏与水质恶化、地下水位剧降。海绵城市规划建设需要城市规划、风景园林、水利与给排水、建筑设计等各专业认知并解决各自领域存在的问题,加强相互协调与配合。在海绵城市建设中,首先需确定不同城市的主要问题,进而从产业规模与类型、城市空间规划、绿地系统规划、土地开发模式各角度选择合适的海绵城市总体规划策略;海绵城市规划应在城市总体空间布局和地块空间布局层面形成有利净化和消纳雨水的土地利用空间结构;海绵城市规划应融入城市规划体系,与城市总规、控规和详规等各阶段进行良好的结合;海绵城市规划应逐步从事后的改造型规划,向事前的引导型规划转变。以北京林业大学硕士风景园林设计课程—迁安市海绵城市规划设计为例(该课程由风景园林、城市规划、建筑设计专业组成的教师团队指导),对宏观城市级别的海绵城市总体空间规划策略进行了积极的探索。
Sponge City helps to ease the four major problems related with rain water treatment patterns,namely water scarcity,urban waterlogging,water ecosystem destruction and deterioration of water quality,the sharply declining of groundwater level.Sponge City planning and construction need the disciplines like urban planning,landscape architecture,water supply and drainage planning,architectural design identifying and solving their main problems respectively.They should strengthen coordination and cooperation.In the construction of Sponge City,we should first recognize the problems of different cities,then choose the appropriate Sponge City planning and design strategy from the perspective of industry scale and type,urban spatial planning,green space system planning,land development mode.Sponge City planning should form the favorable land use space structure that could purify and consume rainwater in the city's overall spatial layout and plots of space layout level.Sponge City planning should be integrated into the urban planning system and be well combined with every city planning stages,such as city master plan,city regulatory plan and city detailed planning.Sponge City planning should be gradually engaged in the new district planning instead of the built environment transformation.Based on the graduate student’s landscape design of Beijing Forestry University,a tentative operational planning strategy of Sponge City at macro urban space planning level has been actively explored by the multi-disciplinary teachers of landscape architecture,urban planning and architectural design.
作者
刘利刚
吴凡
LIU Li-gang;WU Fan
出处
《风景园林》
2017年第12期117-124,共8页
Landscape Architecture
