摘要
为了解纤毛虫对青藏高原尕海高寒湿地环境的响应机制并尝试用纤毛虫群落结构特征来评价尕海湿地环境质量情况,自2015年1月至2015年10月,用"非淹没培养法"、活体观察法和蛋白银、碳酸银染色法对尕海湿地不同季节各个样点纤毛虫物种分布状况,营养功能类群及群落特征进行了研究。结果显示,在尕海湿地共鉴定到纤毛虫162种,隶属于3纲13目46科66属,其中包括30个未定名种。动基片纲为湿地内优势类群,有78种,占纤毛虫物种总数的48.15%;多膜纲次之,有51种。各样点内纤毛虫的物种数与温度和含水量具有显著相关性(P<0.05),夏、秋季各样点内纤毛虫的物种数量明显大于春、冬季。从纤毛虫营养功能类群看,食菌-碎屑者是优势类群,共有118种,占所有物种总数的72.84%,其中部分种类既是食藻者,又是摄食菌类和碎屑者;食藻者次之,有51种,占物种总数的31.48%;食肉者和无选择性杂食者在各样点中出现均较少。尕海湿地纤毛虫食性结构呈典型的金字塔形,说明样区内纤毛虫群落结构稳定。
The structural features of ciliate communities can be used to evaluate environmental quality.The aim of this study was to explore the responses of ciliates to environmental change in alpine wetlands and to try to estimate the environmental quality of the Gahai alpine wetlands based on the structural characteristics of the ciliates communities.Species diversity,characteristics of the ciliates community,seasonal distribution of ciliates,and functional-trophic groups were studied and analyzed using the non-flooded Petri dish method,live observations,and a silver staining method from January 2015 to October 2015.In total,162 species of ciliates were identified,including 30 unnamed species.These 162 species belonged to 66 genera,46 families,13 orders,and 3 classes.In this habitat,Kinetofragminophorea was the dominant class with 78 species,accounting for 48.15%of the total number of ciliate species.The next most dominant glass was Polyhymenophorea with 51 species.The number of ciliate species was significantly associated with the temperature and soil moisture content at each site(P<0.05),and more species were detected in summer and autumn than in spring and winter.Analyses of functional-trophic groups of ciliates showed that Bactivores-detritivores was the main group with 118 species,accounting for 72.84%of the total.Some members of this group consumed both algal and debris and others consumed only algal debris.Algivores were the next most dominant group with 51 species,accounting for 31.48%of the total.The main predators were raptors,and nonselective omnivores also fed on ciliates.The results showed that the diet of ciliates in the Gahai alpine wetland is a typical pyramid-type and the community structure of ciliates is stable.
作者
刘汉成
蒲小剑
刘晶
杜文华
LIU Han-cheng;PU Xiao-jian;LIU Jing;DU Wen-hua(College of Grass Science of Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Department of Chemistry and Life Science of Gansu Normal University for Nationalities,Hezuo 747000,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期192-205,共14页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(31360577)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-40-09B)
甘肃省青年科技基金(1107RJYP277)
甘肃省教育厅研究生导师计划项目(1112-02)
甘肃省草地畜牧业可持续发展创新团队项目(2017C-11)资助
关键词
尕海高寒湿地
纤毛虫
群落结构
响应
Gaihai Alpine Wetland
ciliates
community structure
response
