摘要
选取北京市海淀区某雨水利用小区为研究对象,构建SWMM模型。对透水铺装和蓄水池2种低影响开发措施运行模式下的水量控制进行评价。首先,通过研究区实测降雨产流数据进行模型的率定和验证,得到可用的SWMM模型;分别对1年一遇、3年一遇、5年一遇、10年一遇和20年一遇24 h降雨雨型进行模拟,计算研究区实际年径流总量控制率;并计算研究区开发前的控制率。通过改变研究区现状硬化路面透水铺装率和调蓄容积计算年径流总量控制率,对研究区两项措施规模的配比进行分析计算。结果表明,以透水铺装和蓄水池两种组合方式改造的居住小区年径流总量控制率大大提高,小区改造后比改造前年径流总量控制率提高了42%;对不同规模硬化路面透水铺装和蓄水池进行计算可知,透水铺装和蓄水容积对控制率均有影响。当硬化路面透水铺装率达到70%,蓄水池容积改变率达到30%时,研究区年径流总量控制率达到85%的要求。研究成果能够应用于缺少实测数据的城市集雨区域,可对不同LID组合方式的径流减控效果研究提供参考。
Taking a rainwater utilization residential area in Haidian District of Beijing as the object of study and building a SWMM model as research method,water control in 2 operation modes of low impact development measures was evaluated:permeable pavement and storage tank.Firstly,the available model after calibration and validation was get by measured rainfall-runoff data in the study area.Secondly,1-year,3-year,5-year,10-year,20-year 24 h rainfall was simulated,then actual volume capture ratio of annual rainfall and the rate before development in the study area were calculated.Finally,proportion of permeable paving and storage volume and calculate volume capture ratio of annual rainfall were changed,then the proportion of scale of the two measures was calculated and analysed.The results indicate that volume capture ratio of annual rainfall in residential area rises greatly after reconstruction of permeable pavement and reservoir.Take this research as an example,volume capture ratio of annual rainfall increased by 42%compared with the ratio before reconstruction.The calculation of permeable pavement and reservoir on different scale shows that both the permeable pavement and storage volume have influence on the control rate.When proportion of permeable paving reaches 70%and the variation rate of reservoir volume reaches 30%,volume capture ratio of annual rainfall in the study area can meet requirement of 85%.The research result can be applied to urban catchment areas short of the measured data,and it also provide reference for the researches about runoff control effect of different LID measures combinations.
作者
张宇
孙仕军
张书函
张勤
宋颋
ZHANG Yu;SUN Shi-jun;ZHANG Shu-han;ZHANG Qin;SONG Ting(College of Water Conservancy,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China;Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100048,China;Anhui provincial Capital Building Design Research General Hospital Co.Ltd.,Hefei 230051,China;College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2018年第10期273-278,共6页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
北京市自然科学基金重点资助项目
北京市海绵城市建设效果监测与评价技术研究(KY-2016-03)
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303125)资助
关键词
雨水利用
SWMM模型
低影响开发措施
年径流总量控制率
rainwater utilization
SWMM model
low impact development measures
volume capture ratio of annual rainfall
