摘要
目的了解近年来肺癌的临床特征变化。方法对2013年1月至2017年6月安徽医科大学第一附属医院呼吸内科收治住院的1107例肺癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组资料中病理类型以腺癌多见(41.55%),其次为鳞癌(28.82%)、小细胞癌(16.53%)。男性患者明显多于女性患者,性别比例为2.91∶1,性别差异最大的是鳞癌,男女比例为13.5∶1,差异最小的是腺癌,男女比例为1.21∶1。不同性别之间,病理类型分布有差异,男性以鳞癌居多,其次为腺癌、小细胞癌,女性以腺癌为主。本组肺癌患者的高发年龄段为60-79岁。肺癌临床表现多样,缺乏特异性。其中不同病理类型比较,腺癌易出现胸闷气短,鳞癌易出现痰血或咯血。胸部CT表现以肺部肿块为主,其他常见表现有胸腔积液、阻塞性肺炎、多发结节影、阻塞性肺不张。不同病理类型比较,腺癌出现胸腔积液、多发结节影的比例高于鳞癌、小细胞癌,而鳞癌、小细胞癌出现阻塞性肺炎、阻塞性肺不张的比例高于腺癌。气管镜下表现以增生型多见,鳞癌、小细胞癌以增生型为主,腺癌以浸润型为主。结论 1.与既往相比,近年来我院肺癌新发病例中,腺癌已超过鳞癌上升至第一位。男性病例仍明显多于女性。2.发病高峰年龄段较前上升至60-79岁。3.不同病理类型的肺癌临床特征可有所不同,部分有一定临床鉴别价值。因此应加强对肺癌临床特征的认识,以提高诊治水平。
Objective To investigate the changes of clinical characteristics of lung cancer patients in recent years.Methods A retrospective analysis of the data of 1107 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients from January 2013 to June 2017 in the department of respiratory medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University was conducted.Results The pathological types in this group were mostly adenocarcinoma(41.55%),followed by squamous cell carcinoma(28.82%)and small cell carcinoma(16.53%).There were significantly more men than women,with a sex ratio of 2.91 to 1,the largest difference between the sexes was squamous cell carcinoma,with a ratio of 13.5 to 1,and the smallest difference was adenocarcinoma,with a ratio of 1.21 to 1.Among different genders,there was a difference in pathological type distribution,and the majority of men were squamous cell carcinoma,followed by adenocarcinoma,small cell carcinoma,and women were mainly adenocarcinoma.The age group of high incidence of lung cancer patients in this group was 60-79 years old.The clinical manifestations of lung cancer were diverse and lack of specificity.Thereinto,by comparison among different pathological types,adenocarcinoma was easy to appear chest distress and shortness of breath,and squamous cell carcinoma was prone to blood in the sputum or hemoptysis.Chest CT was mainly manifested by pulmonary mass,and other common manifestations included pleural effusion,obstructive pneumonia,multiple nodules,obstructive atelectasis.The proportion of pleural effusion and multiple nodules in adenocarcinoma was higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma,small cell carcinoma,while the proportion of obstructive pneumonia and obstructive atelectasis in squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma was higher than that of adenocarcinoma.Bronchoscopy showed proliferating type more common,squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma were mainly proliferating type,and adenocarcinoma mainly infiltrating type.Conclusion ①Compared with the past,in recent years of new cases of lung cancer in our hospital,adenocarcinoma has exceeded squamous cell carcinoma rising to the first place.Male patients are still significantly more than women.②The peak age of onset is rose to 60-79 years than before.③The clinical characteristics of lung cancer with different pathological types is different,and some of them have certain clinical value.Therefore,we should strengthen our understanding of the clinical characteristics of lung cancer to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment.
作者
李靖康
徐爱晖
LI Jing-kang;XU Ai-hui(Department of Respiratory Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui 230022,China)
出处
《临床肺科杂志》
2018年第5期905-908,共4页
Journal of Clinical Pulmonary Medicine
关键词
肺癌
临床特点
病理类型
lung cancer
clinical characteristics
pathological type
