摘要
由于特殊的地质结构,煤矿地区是我国滑坡灾害最严重的地区之一。列举了露天矿边坡、采空塌陷区滑坡和厂区滑坡灾害实例,分析了煤矿地区常见的黄土滑坡、堆积层滑坡、基岩顺层滑坡和切层滑坡的特征与发生机理,认为特殊的地层结构和坡体结构是发生滑坡的地质基础,地下水是滑坡的重要影响因素,不科学的人类工程活动是诱因。要预防滑坡灾害,在选线、选厂、选址时必须加强地质工作,查明老滑坡和新生滑坡的规模和性质,工程地质与力学计算相结合评价滑坡的稳定性,提出预防措施建议。同时介绍了我国常用的治理滑坡的原则和排水、减重、反压和支挡等工程措施,以及今后应深入研究的问题。
Because of special geological structure,coal mining area is one of areas with the most serious landslide disaster in China.The paper listed some living examples of landslide disasters in open pit slope,subsidence area of gob and factory district,analyzed the mechanism and features of the common loess landslide,accumulated layer landslide,bedrock bedding landslide and insequent landslide in coal mining area.The special structure of strata and slope is the geological foundation of landslide,groundwater is an important influencing factor for landslide,unscientific human engineering activities are the inducement for landslide.For prevention and control of landslide disaster,it is necessary to deepen geological works during selection of lines,plants and site,to find out the scope and nature of old and new landslides,to assess the stability of landslides by combining engineering geology and mechanical calculation so as to put forward recommendation about prevention and control measures.At the same time,engineering measures such as water drainage,weight reduction,back pressure,supporting and retaining,commonly adopted in control of landslide in China,and problems needed to be deeply studied in future were introduced.
作者
王恭先
赵甫
WANG Gongxian;ZHAO Fu(Northwest Research Institute Co.,Ltd.of CREC,Lanzhou 730000,China;Xi'an Research Institute Co.Ltd.,China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp.,Xi'an 710077,China)
出处
《煤田地质与勘探》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期1-7,共7页
Coal Geology & Exploration
关键词
煤矿区
滑坡
地质灾害
防治技术
Coal mining area
landslide
geological hazard
prevention and control technology
