摘要
目的:探讨老年慢性支气管炎呼吸道感染患者病原菌分布情况,为临床用药提供理论依据。方法:将678例老年慢性支气管炎呼吸道感染住院患者作为研究对象,对其合格的痰液进行病原菌培养、分离及鉴定,采用纸片扩散法开展耐药性分析。结果:共分离出病原菌237株,分离率为34.96%;其中革兰阴性菌占59.92%,以肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌为主;革兰阳性菌占32.49%,以金黄色葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌为主;真菌占7.59%,以白色假丝酵母菌为主;肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌对左氧氟沙星、头孢唑啉、头孢呋辛、庆大霉素、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星、头孢他啶、亚胺培南普遍耐药。肺炎克雷伯菌对左氧氟沙星耐药率为68.97%,大肠埃希菌对左氧氟沙星、庆大霉素、阿米卡星的耐药率分别为60.98%、68.29%、63.41%;金黄色葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌对呋喃妥因和万古霉素耐药率均为0.00%,而对青霉素的耐药率均为100%。结论:老年慢性支气管炎呼吸道感染患者的病原菌类型以革兰阴性菌为主;分离菌均有程度不等的耐药,临床治疗中应积极开展病原菌鉴定,并根据药敏情况科学选择抗生素。
Objective:To investigate the distribution of pathogens in elderly patients with chronic bronchitis respiratory tract infection and provide theoretical basis for clinical medication.Methods:678 cases of elderly patients with chronic bronchitis inpatients with respiratory tract infections as research subjects,the qualified sputum culture,isolation and identification of pathogens,the use of disk diffusion method for drug resistance analysis.Results:A total of 237 pathogenic bacteria were isolated,the isolation rate was 34.96%.Among them,Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 59.92%,mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli;Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 32.49%,Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus was the main cause,while fungi accounted for 7.59%,mainly Candida albicans;Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were effective against levofloxacin,cefazolin,cefuroxime,gentamicin,cefepime,Amikacin,ceftazidime,imipenem are generally resistant.Klebsiella pneumoniae levofloxacin resistance rate of 68.97%,Escherichia coli levofloxacin,gentamicin,amikacin resistance rates were 60.98%,68.29%,63.41%;Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus to nitrofurantoin and vancomycin resistance rates were 0.00%,while the penicillin resistance rate was 100%.Conclusion:Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with chronic bronchitis respiratory tract infection.Isolates were resistant to varying degrees.Pathogen identification should be actively carried out in clinical treatment and antibiotics should be scientifically selected according to drug sensitivity.
作者
杨艳荣
李璇
Yang Yanrong;Li Xuan(Baoji City,Shaanxi Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Inspection Department,Baoji 721001)
出处
《陕西医学杂志》
CAS
2018年第5期668-670,共3页
Shaanxi Medical Journal
关键词
支气管炎
慢性
呼吸道感染
病原
微生物敏感性试验
Bronchitis,chronic
Respiratory tract infections
Noxae
Microbial sensitivity tests
