摘要
华夏族起源于商周之际的历史变革时期,华夏族的族称出自周人对自己建立的反商部族联盟的称呼。人们崇拜的黄帝原只是周人奉祀的祖先,后随着周人主导的民族融合才演变为华夏族共同祖先。周人出自白狄,与作为白狄祖先的黄帝一脉相承。这些史事的一些重要环节,由于近年来陕北神木石峁遗址的考古发现而逐渐得到证明。石峁遗址是古代黄帝部族的居邑,石峁一带同时是姬周族人最早发祥地。周人以后辗转迁徙到渭水流域,与气候环境发生变化有关。石峁先民将宫室及其他建筑修建在山梁高处,反映了他们对天的崇拜,这与以后周人对于天、天命的信仰一脉相承。史载黄帝"以玉为兵",周的氏名亦反映周族出自以治玉为业的氏族,凡此种种均可与石峁出土的大量古玉器相印证。
ThcHuaxia ethnic group emerged during the historical changes attending the fall of the Shang and the establishment of the Zhou dynasty.Theirname was adopted fromi the Zhou designation of their own anti-Shang tribal alliance.T'he revered Yellow Emiperor was originally just a Zhou ancestor;only later,with the mierging of different peoples under Zhou dominion,didhe become the common ancestor of the Huaxia.TheZhou came from the Bai Di ethnic group,and followed the Bai Di in regarding the Yellow Emiperor as their ancestor.Evidence of these important historical occurrences has been found in recent archaeological discoveries at the ruins of Shimiao in Shenmu,northern Shaanxi.The Shimao sitewas the residence of theYcllow Emiperor’s tribe,and the region was also the birthplace of the Ji clan of the Zhou people.The Zhou latcrmigratcd to the Weishui River basin because of climatic and environmental changes.The ancient people of Shimiao built their palaces and other buildings on mountain ridges,reflecting their worship of Heaven.This belief was passed down to the Zhou,who likewise believed in Heaven and the Mandate of Heaven.History records that the Yellow Emiperor"miadc weapons with jade,v and thcnamc“Zhou”reflects the fact that the Zhou were descended fromi clans who worked jade.This supposition is confirmed by the large number of ancient jade vessels unearthed fromi Shimiao.
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第2期4-17,190,共15页
Historical Research
基金
国家社科基金重大项目"多卷本<西周史>"(17ZDA179)阶段性成果
