摘要
本文从绝对优势、比较优势和品牌竞争力三个角度系统分析了中国奶业竞争力及其国际比较情况,并探讨了中国奶业竞争力不足的主要原因,在此基础上提出中国奶业转型发展的思路。研究表明,中国奶业竞争力不足表现在成本与价格大幅高于奶业发达国家、乳制品消费存在明显的进口偏好和贸易竞争力指数趋于下降等方面;奶业国际竞争力不足既有资源禀赋原因,也与偏低的技术进步贡献、过快的规模化过程及不利的贸易条件和国内外农业政策相关。提升奶业竞争力需要通过推进适度规模养殖和种养一体化以及提高技术进步贡献率来提高效率、降低成本;通过加强乳制品质量建设,提升消费者信心和"中国奶业"品牌竞争力;通过完善奶业管理体制与奶业政策,巩固奶业发展的养殖业基础。
This article systematically analyzes the competitiveness of China's dairy industry from the perspectives of absolute advantage,comparative advantage and brand competitiveness,and conducts an international comparison.It also discusses the main reasons for a lack of competitiveness of China’s dairy industry and proposes measures to improve its competitiveness.The study shows that the cost and price of dairy products in China are much higher than those in the developed countries.China’s consumers express an obvious preference for the imported products,and trade competitiveness index tends to decline.It also shows that a lack of international competitiveness of China’s dairy industry is not only caused by the resource endowment,but also by a low level of technology contribution,over-rapid scaling-up,unfavorable trade conditions and domestic and foreign policies in the agricultural sector.To enhance the competitiveness of China’s dairy industry,it is necessary to improve efficiency and reduce cost by promoting appropriate scale farming,improving integration of dairy and crop farming,and increasing the contribution rate of technological progress.There is also a need to improve consumers’confidence and brand competitiveness of“China dairy”by strengthening quality construction of dairy products.It is equally important to consolidate the foundation of the dairy farming sector by improving the management system and policies of the dairy industry.
作者
刘长全
韩磊
张元红
Liu Changquan;Han Lei;Zhang Yuanhong
出处
《中国农村经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第7期130-144,共15页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
农业农村部国家奶牛产业技术体系(编号:CARS-36)产业经济研究室"全球化背景下中国奶业转型发展研究"项目的阶段性成果
关键词
奶业
竞争力
国际比较
消费者信心
Dairy Industry
Competitiveness
International Comparison
Consumer Confidence
