摘要
在侵权法上,"违法阻却事由"的概念是以认可独立违法性要件为前提的。《民法总则》第181条和第182条分别规定了正当防卫和紧急避险,明确了其属于违法阻却事由,但相关的规则仍然可以进一步完善。民法上一般认可的违法阻却事由还包括自助行为、受害人同意、依法执行职务、正当行使权利。但是,在我国民法典侵权责任编之中仅应当就自助行为和受害人同意作出规定。
In tort law,the recognition of wrongfulness is the precondition to grounds of justification.Article 181 and Article 182 of the General Principles of Civil Law of the People s Republic of China respectively stipulate self-defense and necessity,which can be explained as grounds of justification.But relevant rules can still be further improved.Other commonly-accepted grounds of justification in civil law include self-help behavior,consent of the victim,performance of legal duties,and proper exercise of civil rights.However,only self-help behavior and consent of the victim should be stipulated in future Chinese Civil Code.
出处
《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期66-73,共8页
Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition
基金
北京市社会科学基金研究基地项目"共享单车运营中的法律问题"(17JDFXB006)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中国侵权责任法改革研究"(16JJD820015)
关键词
违法阻却事由
正当防卫
紧急避险
自助行为
受害人同意
grounds of justification
self-defense
necessity
self-help behavior
consent of the victim
