摘要
中国藏区冬季太阳能仍然十分丰富,太阳能采暖潜力巨大。为了利用太阳能实现清洁供暖,以甘肃省合作市上浪坎木村2座含被动式阳光间建筑面积为170 m^2的单体建筑为研究对象,其中一座使用被动式阳光间和太阳能集热器循环加热采暖,另一座使用被动式阳光间和牛粪直燃炉采暖,在相同的环境条件下对比研究了室内热环境、系统经济性和环境效益,研究结果表明:在48 d的测试期内,太阳能主被动联合采暖系统中客厅温度47 d高于14℃,只有1 d室内最低温度为13.3℃,太阳能主被动联合采暖系统很好地满足了建筑采暖需求,被动式阳光间和牛粪直燃炉联合采暖室内温度不均匀,温差大,客厅温度普遍低于12℃;太阳能主被动联合采暖系统比被动式阳光间和牛粪直燃炉联合采暖每个采暖季节省标煤4.3 t,可减少CO+2、粉尘、SO_2、NO_x排放量依次为10.7,2.92,0.322和0.161 t,动态投资回收期4.9 a,证实了系统的可行性、节能性和经济性,可用于指导不同地区太阳能主被动结合供暖系统的优化设计和推广应用。
The traditional heating methods in winter,in Tibetan areas in China are relatively backward,and the indoor living environment is poor.Owing to the abundant solar energy in the Tibetan areas of China,the potential of solar heating is huge.In order to use solar energy to achieve the clean heating,two single buildings with a passive sunlight area of 170 m^2 in Shanglangkanmu,a village of Hezuo in Gansu Province,were studied,as research objects,one of which used passive sunspace and cow dung direct-fired furnace for heating,and the other used passive sunspace and solar collectors for heating.The solar collector system has 7 sets of all-glass vacuum tube solar collectors.The collector surface was placed at an angle of 45°to the ground.It was positioned in the south,and the amount of collectors of each group was 30.All-glass vacuum tube was 1.8 m of length,0.058 m of diameter,and 20.2 m^2 of heat collection area.Under the same environmental conditions,the theoretical and experimental methods were used to compare the indoor thermal environment,systemic economic and environmental benefits.The test time was from March 20^th to May 8^th,2018.The indoor and outdoor temperature,indoor and outdoor wind speed,solar radiation intensity and other parameters were investigated.The data were automatically recorded by computer.The research results show that in the 48 d test period,the days of living temperature higher than 14℃in experimental building with the solar energy active and passive combined heating system is 47 d,indoor minimum temperature of 13.3℃is for only 1 day,the heat supply of the system in addition to individual extreme weather,can satisfy the heating needs of the building well,indicating that the system's energy supply stability is well,anti-interference ability is strong.When the outdoor environment minimum temperature is?8.6℃,the average indoor temperature of experimental building with combined sunspace and active solar heating system is 16.3℃,which is 7.3℃higher than that of the contrast building,between the two buildings the highest temperature difference is 11.5℃,and the temperature fluctuation of the experimental building is small.The temperature in vertical height is evenly distributed,the indoor thermal comfort is well,the temperature of experimental building can completely reach the indoor temperature by 14℃through the solar active heating,and the temperature of kang can be maintained at 22.3-34.7℃during night sleep time,it belongs to the human body sleep comfort temperature which improves the comfort of people during sleep.The solar energy active and passive combined heating system satisfies the heating demand of the building well.The temperature in contrast building with the passive sunspace and the cow dung direct combustion furnace is nonuniform,the difference of temperature is distinguished,the living room temperature is generally lower than 12℃.Compared with the contrast building,the experimental building with solar energy active and passive combined heating system can reduce 4.3 t standard coal in the heating season,which can reduce the CO2,dust,SO2,and NOx emissions by 10.7,2.92,0.322 and 0.161 t,respectively.The dynamic investment payback period is 4.9 a.It proves the feasibility,energy saving and economy of the system,and can be utilized to guide the optimal design and popularization of solar energy active and passive combined heating systems in different regions.
作者
李金平
王航
王兆福
黄娟娟
王春龙
Li Jinping;Wang Hang;Wang Zhaofu;Huang Juanjuan;Wang Chunlong(Western China Energy&Environment Research Center,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Key Laboratory of Energy Supply System Drived by Biomass Energy and Solar Energy of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730050,China;China Northwestern Collaborative Innovation Center of Low-carbon Urbanization Technologies,Lanzhou 730050,China;College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第21期1-7,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFB0905104)
国家自然科学基金项目(51676094)
甘肃省国际科技合作专项(1604WKCA009)
兰州市人才创新创业项目(2017-RC-34)
关键词
太阳能
采暖
温度
阳光间
热舒适性
热经济性
solar energy
heating
temperature
sunspace
thermal comfort
thermal economy
