摘要
经过多年的体制改革和经济发展,中国社会团体快速发展并获得更多的自主权。基于北京大学政府管理学院2010至2012年三省市社会团体调查数据和部分访谈资料,本文发现,在政府政策制定过程中,一种有限制的多元化政策参与模式逐渐形成:一方面,社会团体自主性的提高有利于其更加积极地参与政策倡议,政府有意于为享有资源独立和人事自主的社会团体提供更多的建言献策机会(即被动型政策倡议);同时,当社会团体拥有更多自主权时,会更主动地联系政府,表达政策看法(即主动型政策倡议)。另一方面,社会团体政策参与形式以被动型政策倡议为主,依靠政府提供资源与机会,社会团体主动联系政府的情况较为少见。这种混合模式有利于政府在政策制定过程中维持秩序和稳定性,同时也带来社会团体意愿表达不充分的问题。
After decades of market reform and economic growth,China experienced an“associational revolution”:hundreds of thousands of social organizations emerged,gaining more autonomy in their daily practices.How does the autonomy of Chinese social organizations affect their policy advocacy efforts?What does it mean to the policy-making process in China?By exploiting the survey data of social organizations in three provinces provided by the Center of Civil Society Studies of Peking University and some case studies,we find that a constrained pluralized policymaking model has emerged.On one hand,the growing autonomy of social organizations enhances their policy advocacy efforts:the government encourages the participation of more autonomous social organizations in the policy-making process;the social organizations with more independence approach the government more frequently,expressing their policy opinions or seeking policy change.On the other hand,social organizations depend on the government to provide opportunities to enter the policy-making process.Only a few of them have initiated policy conversations with the government by themselves.While this model helps the Chinese government maintain the stability of the policy-making process,it also creates barriers for the social organizations to fully express their policy needs.
作者
张长东
马诗琦
Zhang Changdong;Ma Shiqi
出处
《政治学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期67-78,126,127,共14页
CASS Journal of Political Science
关键词
社会团体
自主性
政策倡议
双向赋权
资源依赖
social organization
autonomy
policy advocacy
mutual empowerment
resource dependence
