摘要
【目的】分离并鉴定引起宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病的病原菌,筛选出适宜的防治药剂,为宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病的识别和防治提供理论依据。【方法】采用组织块分离法分离宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病的病原菌,通过针刺回接法确定其致病菌;采用形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法及柯赫氏法则对宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病的病原菌进行鉴定;采用菌丝生长速率法测定9种不同杀菌剂对宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病菌的室内毒力,根据抑制中浓度(EC50)选出抑制效果最好的杀菌剂。【结果】通过形态学观察和ITS序列分析,确定引起宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病的病原为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides);不同杀菌剂对宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病菌的抑制效果明显不同,其中98.4%多菌灵、98%溴菌腈和97%吡唑醚菌酯的抑制作用最强,EC50分别为0.071、0.083和0.095 mg/mL;97%嘧霉胺和81%氨基寡糖素的抑制作用较弱,EC50均大于4.000 mg/mL,而95%啶酰菌胺在高浓度时表现出微弱的抑制作用,低浓度时反而促进宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病菌生长。【结论】引起宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病的病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌(C. gloeosporioides);98.4%多菌灵、98%溴菌腈和97%吡唑醚菌酯对宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病菌菌丝生长具有较强的抑制作用,可作为防治宫粉羊蹄甲炭疽病的化学杀菌剂使用。
【Objective】The pathogen that caused Bauhini variegate Linn.anthracnose was isolated and determined,and appropriate fungicides against B.variegate anthracnose was screened to provide reference for identification and control of B.variegate anthracnose.【Method】Tissue block separation method was used for isolation of the pathogen of B.variegate anthracnose.Acupuncture method was used for the confirmation of the pathogen.The pathogen was further identified by combined morphological and molecular biology methods and Koch’s Rule.The indoor toxicity tests of nine fungicides on pathogen of B.variegata anthracnose were determined by mycelium growth rate method.The fungicides with the best effects were selected based on median inhibitory concentration(EC50).【Result】Through morphological observation and ITS sequence analysis,it was found that B.variegata anthracnose was caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,and different fungicides displayed different inhibitory effects on C.gloeosporioides.98.4%carbendazim,98%bromoacetonitrile and 97%pyraclostrobin showed the best inhibitory activities,and the EC50 values were 0.071,0.083 and 0.095 mg/mL respectively.However,97%pyrimethanil and 81%aminooligosaccharides were in inhibitory effects,and the EC50 values were both greater than 4.000 mg/mL.95%Bosinamide expressed very weak inhibition in high concentrations,but low concentrations promoted growth of the pathogen of B.variegata anthracnose.【Conclusion】This study ascertains that C.gloeosporioides is the pathogen of B.variegate anthracnose.98.4%carbendazim,98%bromoacetonitrile and 97%pyraclostrobin are the best fungicides against C.gloeosporioides mycelium growth.They can be used as fungicides for prevention and control of B.variegata anthracnose.
作者
宋慧云
段志豪
张伟豪
毛子翎
王军
单体江
SONG Hui-yun;DUAN Zhi-hao;ZHANG Wei-hao;MAO Zi-ling;WANG Jun;SHAN Ti-jiang(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control/College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第10期1975-1981,共7页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
广东省林业科技创新项目(2015KJCX043)
关键词
宫粉羊蹄甲
炭疽病
病原菌
药剂筛选
Bauhinia variegata Linn.
anthracnose
pathogen
fungicides screening
