摘要
为了探索区域农村多维贫困的空间分异特征及影响因素,从而有针对性地实施扶贫开发策略,促进贫困地区农民脱贫增收。该文构建农村多维贫困测度指标体系,并在此基础上运用多边形综合图示法、莫兰指数和地理探测器模型等方法对重庆市农村多维贫困程度、空间格局及影响因素进行了研究。研究结果表明:重庆市农村多维贫困程度较深且区域差异较大;空间分异特征表现为高贫困水平的区县主要分布在渝东北和渝东南地区,低贫困水平的区县主要分布在主城和主城外围地区;空间关联格局特征表现为农村多维贫困在空间上呈现出显著的集聚效益,各区县主要以HH型和LL型正相关空间格局为主,HH型区县主要集中在渝东北地区,LL型区县主要集中在主城地区;农村多维贫困的空间分异主要受到地形坡度、到重庆市政府驻地距离、耕地质量等因素的影响,不同区域的主导因素有所差异。
With years of large-scale poverty alleviation and development,the severe poverty population in China's rural areas has declined sharply and the situation of poverty has been effectively relieved.However,because of the large cardinal number in poverty population,the task of poverty alleviation and development is still arduous.At present,the research on rural poverty problem has transformed into multi-dimensional poverty constituted by income level,education&medical treatment,public service and development environment from single-dimensional poverty,which is based on standard income level.Therefore,exploring the spatial differentiation characteristics and influential factors of multi-dimensional poverty in rural areas of a region is targeted to conduct strategies of anti-poverty and development and also promote to increase the farmers’income and get them out of poverty.Based on comprehending the connotation of rural multi-dimensional poverty,In this paper,we increased the dimension of rural development environment,and selected 20 indicators,such as per capita GDP,per capita education funds,per capita medical expenses and automobile country numbers,to construct the evaluation index system of rural multi-dimensional poverty.With application of the whole arrangement of polygon comprehensive graphic method and exploratory spatial analysis,this paper has analyzed the multi-dimensional poverty level and its spatial distribution and spatial correlation pattern.Moreover,this paper,selecting eight indexes from the aspects of topography,location,resources,economy and culture,constructed the evaluation index system of influencing factors of rural multi-dimensional poverty spatial differentiation,to explore the dominant factors of spatial differentiation of rural multi-dimensional poverty in Chongqing and the various regions.The result showed that the degree of rural area in Chongqing has a high level multi-dimensional rural poverty and the difference between districts and counties is relatively large.In terms of spatial distribution characteristics,the high-level poverty in districts and countries were mainly located in northeast Chongqing and southeastern Chongqing,and the low-level poverty districts and countries were mainly located in metropolitan area and metropolitan periphery,which were primarily influenced by the geographical gradient,the distance of Chongqing government,farmland quality and so on.Different regions are affected by different leading factors.Spatial correlation distribution is characterized by the marked gathered effect of multi-dimensional poverty in rural areas in space.The districts and countries were mainly HH-type and LL-type positive correlation spatial distribution which was related to spatial pattern.HH-type districts and counties were mainly concentrated on northeast Chongqing and LL-type districts and counties were mainly concentrated on metropolitan area.In order to alleviate the multi-dimensional poverty and regional disparity in rural areas,targeted multi-dimensional poverty management approaches needs to be put forward from the aspects such as the specific characteristics of different regions,poverty-causing factors and development history as follows:Firstly,the government should play a leading role in strengthening investment in medical care,education and housing in rural areas.Also the government should be determined to strive to solve the problem of“two no worries,three guarantees”problem,and improve the living standards of farmers in poor areas;Secondly,we should coordinate the flow of resources and alleviate the gap of rural areas between regions;Thirdly,we should vigorously promote the poverty alleviation and reallocation in poor areas and improve the environment of rural development.Finally,we need to rely on the advantages of regional featured resources to strengthen the construction of featured industries and raising the income level of farmers.
作者
蔡进
禹洋春
骆东奇
邱继勤
Cai Jin;Yu Yangchun;Luo Dongqi;Qiu Jiqin(College of Tourism and Land Resource,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China;College of Business Planning,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China;Research Center of the Economy of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River of the Key Research Base of Humanities,Ministry of Education,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第22期235-245,共11页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"长江上游地区城乡统筹发展研究"(16JJD790064)
国家社科基金"农村存量宅基地入市路径及风险防范研究"(15BJY079)
国家社科基金"乡村旅游发展中的用地保障问题(17BJY154)"
关键词
农村
耕地
多维贫困
空间格局
重庆市
rural areas
farmland use
multidimensional poverty
spatial distribution
Chongqing city
