摘要
【目的】分析不同追氮时期对成熟期小麦胚乳淀粉粒粒度分布的影响。【方法】以矮抗58和山农22为材料,在2种氮素水平(N1:120 kg/hm^2,N2:240 kg/hm^2)下设置2个追氮时期(返青期、拔节期)处理,研究小麦籽粒淀粉粒粒度分布的变化。【结果】在同一氮素水平下,两品种拔节期追氮处理籽粒淀粉含量显著低于返青期追氮处理(P<0.05),但淀粉积累量显著高于返青期(P<0.05)。在N1水平下,与返青期追氮处理相比,拔节期追氮降低了胚乳淀粉粒平均粒径,显著提高B型淀粉粒体积和表面积百分比(P<0.05),降低A型淀粉粒体积和表面积百分比;在N2水平下,与返青期追氮处理相比,拔节期追氮显著提高胚乳淀粉粒平均粒径(P<0.05),提高了A型淀粉粒体积和表面积百分比,降低B型淀粉粒体积和表面积百分比,两品种表现一致。追氮时期与施氮水平对小麦A、B型淀粉粒数量分布影响不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】在施纯氮120kg/hm^2条件下,追氮时期推迟主要通过增加小麦籽粒B型淀粉粒体积百分比,进而有利于籽粒淀粉的积累;在施纯氮240 kg/hm^2条件下,追氮时期推迟主要通过增大淀粉粒个体体积,即A型淀粉粒的体积百分比增加,进而有利于籽粒淀粉的积累。
[Purpose]The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of nitrogen topdressing on the starch granule size distribution in wheat grains.[Method]Two wheat cultivars,Aikang 58(A58)and Shannong 22(S22)were used in this study.A fertilizer experiment was designed with different nitrogen topdressing stages under two nitrogen rates of 120 kg/hm2 and 240 kg/hm2.[Result]The starch content in grain of nitrogen topdressing at the jointing stage was significantly lower than that of nitrogen topdressing at the returning green stage(P<0.05),but the starch accumulation in grain of nitrogen topdressing at the jointing stage was significantly higher than that of nitrogen topdressing at the returning green stage under the same nitrogen rate(P<0.05).Compared with the treatment of nitrogen topdressing at the returning green stage,the average particle size of starch granules at jointing stage decreased,meanwhile the volume and surface area percentage of B type starch granules increased observably at the nitrogen rate of 120 kg/hm2.The average particle size of starch granules of nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage significantly increased(P<0.05),meanwhile the volume and surface area percentage of A type starch granules increased observably at the nitrogen rate of 240 kg/hm2.There was no significant effect of nitrogen rate and nitrogen topdressing stage on the number distribution of starch granules in wheat grains(P>0.05).[Conclusion]The delay of nitrogen topdressing increased the volume percentage of B type starch granules under the low nitrogen rate,and hence benefit to the accumulation of starch in grains.The delay of nitrogen topdressing was beneficial to the accumulation of A type starch granules in grains,and hence benefit to the accumulation of starch under the suitable nitrogen rate.
作者
吴培金
闫素辉
张从宇
邵庆勤
许峰
李文阳
WU Peijin;YAN Suhui;ZHANG Congyu;SHAO Qingqin;XU Feng;LI Wenyang(College of Agronomy,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期790-796,共7页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300408
2017YFD0301301)
安徽科技重大专项项目(160307001102)
安徽自然科学基金项目(1408085QC54)
关键词
小麦
氮素
追氮时期
淀粉粒
wheat
nitrogen
nitrogen topdressing stage
starch granule
