摘要
文章旨在研究日粮不同可溶纤维、淀粉比值及不同粗蛋白质水平对肉兔生长性能、养分消化率及屠宰性能的影响。试验选择29 d断奶肉兔(公母各半)240只,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只。试验采用3个蛋白质水平(14%、15.5%和17%)×2个可溶纤维/淀粉(0.5和1.0)多因素方差设计,试验从断奶当天(29 d)开展到78 d,分为29～50 d和51～78 d两个阶段。结果显示:随着可溶纤维水平与淀粉比例的升高,干物质表观消化系数显著升高(P <0.05);随着粗蛋白质水平的升高,干物质、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、可溶纤维、淀粉和总能表现为显著线性升高(P <0.05);粗蛋白质和可溶纤维/淀粉对粗纤维和可溶纤维的影响表现为显著交互作用(P <0.05)。随着可溶纤维与淀粉比值的升高,盲肠pH显著降低(P <0.05),氨基氮和总挥发性脂肪酸的含量显著升高(P <0.05)。日粮蛋白质水平显著影响盲肠挥发性脂肪酸水平,随着蛋白质水平升高,挥发性脂肪酸水平线性升高(P <0.05)。随着可溶纤维与淀粉比值的升高,29～50 d肉兔的日增重显著升高(P <0.05),而51～78 d采食量和料重比显著降低(P <0.05)。随着日粮蛋白质水平的升高,屠体重和肌肉滴水损失显著升高(P <0.05),而胃肠道的相对重量显著降低(P <0.05)。结果表明:高水平可溶纤维替代淀粉可以提高肉兔对养分的消化率,促进生长性能和盲肠的发酵效率。日粮蛋白质水平由17%降低至14%会线性降低断奶肉兔生长早期的生长性能。
This study was aimed to investigate the effects of different soluble fiber–starch ratio and levels of crude protein on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and carcass traits of meat rabbits.A total of 240 meat rabbits weaning age 29 d were allotted to 6 groups with 4 replicates of 10 rabbits.The diets were designed by 3 crude protein levels(14%,15.5%and 17%)plus 2 soluble fiber-starch ratio(0.5 and 1.0),the trial began at 29 d and ended at 78 d.Results showed that the increase in the soluble fibre-to-starch ratio increased(P<0.05)the apparent digestibility factor of dry matter,while the crude protein levels increased the apparent digestibility factors of dry matter,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,soluble fiber,starch and gross energy(P<0.05).The pH value of the cecum decreased with the increasing of soluble fiber-starch ratio(P<0.05),increased the ammonia nitrogen and total volatile fatty acid(P<0.05).The volatile fatty acid increased with the increasing of dietary crude protein levels(P<0.05).The daily weight gain in 29-50 d increased with the increasing of soluble-starch ratio,while the daily feed intake and feed gain ratio decreased(P<0.05).The carcass weight and dressing percentage increased with the increasing of crude protein levels(P<0.05).In conclusion,we found that the use of diets with high soluble fiber concentrations to replace starch enhanced the digestive efficiency,the growth performance and the cecum fermentation of growing rabbits,while reducing the dietary protein concentration from 17%to 14%reduced the growth performance of 29-78 d meat rabbits.
作者
周万才
ZHOU Wancai(Jilin engineering Career Academy,Siping,Jilin Province 136001,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2018年第22期67-71,共5页
China Feed
关键词
肉兔
可溶纤维
淀粉
粗蛋白质
生长性能
屠宰性能
meat rabbit
soluble fiber
starch
crude protein
growth performance
carcass trait
