摘要
针对腔盘式穴施肥装置存在的输肥过程中肥盘与护肥腔刚性接触、造成卡肥现象,严重影响输肥稳定性等问题,提出了一种柔性护肥方法,并设计了基于梅花状尼龙纤维的柔性护肥机构。通过理论计算和有限元模拟仿真,对单根尼龙纤维的力学性能进行分析,得出了尼龙纤维结构参数对其受力和形变的影响规律,确定所选用纤维直径为0. 1 mm;通过对纤维束结构的分析,为保证植毛孔安全距离和刷丝束合理间隙,设计刷丝长度为13 mm,植毛孔直径为4 mm;运用EDEM软件模拟肥腔内肥料受压过程各壁面受力变化,确定肥盘与底护肥刷的安装负间隙为1. 6 mm,与侧护肥刷的安装负间隙为0. 5 mm。加工了柔性护肥机构并进行验证试验,试验结果表明,该机构无卡肥现象,肥盘转动扭矩为4. 71 N·m,肥盘转动阻力比原机构减小58. 54%。该柔性护肥机构可有效避免输肥过程中的卡肥现象,降低输肥阻力,保证了输肥稳定性。
Hole-fertilizing technology can be used for fixed-point,quantitative and accurate fertilization while seeding is in operation,which is an effective method to improve the fertilizer use efficiency of corn,soybean and other crops.During the fertilizer transfer process of the hole-fertilizing apparatus,the rigid contact of fertilizer plate with fertilizer protection cavity caused the phenomenon of fertilizer blocking,which seriously affected the stability of fertilizer delivery.Thus a flexible fertilizer protection method was put forward and a flexible fertilizer protection mechanism was designed by using the nylon fiber which was in the shape of plum flowers.The theoretical calculation and finite element analysis of the mechanical property of single nylon fiber was carried out,the effect of the structural parameters of nylon fiber on the stress was obtained and the diameter of the selected fiber was determined as 0.1 mm.The analysis of fiber bundle structure showed that the fiber length should be 13 mm and the mounting hole diameter should be 4 mm,to ensure the safe distance of mounting hole and reasonable clearance of brush bundle.EDEM software was used to simulate the stress changes of each wall during the process of fertilizer group compressed in fertilizer cavity,the negative clearance between fertilizer plate and bottom fertilizer protection brush was designed as 1.6 mm and 0.5 mm with side fertilizer protection brush.Flexible fertilizer protection mechanism was designed and the test results showed that there was no fertilizer blocking problem,the rotary torque of the fertilizer plate was 4.71 N·m which was reduced by 58.54%compared with the original mechanism without flexible fertilizer protection mechanism.This mechanism could effectively avoid the fertilizer blocking problem,reduce the resistance of fertilizer delivery and insure the stability of the fertilizer delivery.The research result might provide a new approach for precise fertilizer delivery.
作者
刘正道
王庆杰
李洪文
何进
卢彩云
谢立娟
LIU Zhengdao;WANG Qingjie;LI Hongwen;HE Jin;LU Caiyun;XIE Lijuan(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期97-103,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200600)
教育部创新团队发展计划项目(IRT13039)
关键词
施肥装置
腔盘式
穴施肥
柔性护肥
输肥稳定性
fertilizing apparatus
notched plate
hole-fertilization
flexible fertilizer protection
stability of fertilizer delivery
