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叶生态特征及其相关性对下垫面热效应的生态权衡 被引量:5

Ecological Balance of Leaf Ecological Characteristics and Their Correlation to Thermal Effects of Underlying Surfaces
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摘要 为研究植物叶性状及其相关关系对城市下垫面热效应的响应及其生态权衡策略,以生长在6种典型城市下垫面(沥青、水泥、荷兰砖、大理石、嵌草砖和自然地表)环境中的3种常见绿化树种(洋白蜡、国槐和臭椿)为研究对象,测定其叶功能性状指标。结果表明:比叶面积、叶绿素含量、气孔面积、气孔开度及叶氮磷比均随着环境地表温度的增大总体上呈现先增加、后减小的趋势,城市下垫面从大到小依次为嵌草砖地表、自然地表、大理石地表、水泥地表、荷兰砖地表、沥青地表。而叶干物质含量、叶组织密度、气孔密度及叶脉密度、叶氮含量、叶磷含量则呈相反的变化规律,城市下垫面从大到小依次为沥青地表、荷兰砖地表、水泥地表、大理石地表、自然地表、嵌草砖地表。叶性状间表现了一定的相关关系,其中,比叶面积与叶干物质含量、叶组织密度与气孔密度间呈极显著的负相关关系(P <0. 01),与叶氮含量、叶磷含量呈显著的正相关关系(P <0. 01)。叶干物质含量与叶组织密度、叶脉密度和叶氮含量存在极显著的正相关关系(P <0. 01)。气孔密度与气孔面积、气孔开度间存在显著的负相关关系(P <0. 05),而与叶脉密度间存在显著的正相关关系(P <0. 05)。气孔面积与叶氮含量间存在显著的正相关关系(P <0. 05),与叶组织密度呈极显著的正相关关系(P <0. 01)。随着地表温度的升高,植物叶性状间的相关性呈现先增、后减的趋势,小幅度升温总体上有利于加强叶功能性状间的相关性,而温度过高则明显降低其相关关系。城市生态系统中,植物叶片具有低的比叶面积、叶绿素含量、气孔面积、气孔开度和叶氮磷比,高的叶干物质含量、叶组织密度、气孔密度、叶氮含量和叶磷含量,进一步验证了城市生态系统中叶经济谱的存在,并在该谱系中属于"快速投资-收益"型。 The object was to study the response of plant leaf traits and their related relationships to the thermal environment effect of urban underlying surface and its ecological trade-off strategy.Results showed that specific leaf area,chlorophyll content,stomatal area,stomatal aperture and leaf nitrogen-phosphorus ratio were all increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of environmental surface temperature,which was expressed as grass-planting bricks surface,grass surface,marble surface,cement surface,brick surface,asphalt surface from large to small.While the leaf dry matter content,leaf tissue density,stomatal density,leaf nitrogen content,leaf phosphorus content and leaf vein density showed opposite changes,which were expressed as asphalt surface,brick surface,cement surface,marble surface,grass surface and grass-planting brick surface from large to small.There was a certain correlation between plant leaf functional traits.Specific leaf area showed a significant negative correlation with leaf dry matter content,leaf tissue density and stomatal density(P<0.01),and a significant positive correlation with leaf nitrogen content and leaf phosphorus content(P<0.01).Leaf dry matter content showed a significant positive correlation with leaf tissue density,leaf vein density and leaf nitrogen content(P<0.01).Stomatal density was significantly and negatively correlated with stomatal aperture and stomatal area(P<0.05),and significantly and positively correlated with leaf vein density(P<0.05).Leaf vein density was significantly and positively correlated with leaf nitrogen content(P<0.05)and leaf tissue density(P<0.01).With the increase of surface temperature,the correlation between plant leaf traits was firstly increased and then decreased.The small temperature increase was generally beneficial to strengthen the correlation between leaf functional traits,which significantly reduced its correlation relationship when the temperature was too high.In urban ecosystems,plant leaves showed low specific leaf area,chlorophyll content,stomatal area,stomatal aperture and leaf nitrogen-phosphorus ratio,and high leaf dry matter content,leaf tissue density,stomatal density,leaf nitrogen content and leaf phosphorus content.The research further verified the existence of the economics spectrum of the lower temperature of high temperature stress habitat on the underlying surface of the city,and it was a“quick investment-return”type in the global leaf economics spectrum,which provided an important theoretical basis for the selection and configuration of urban greening plants and urban planning.The study further validated the existence of economics spectrum in the urban system,which was a“quick investment-benefit”type.
作者 朱济友 于强 DI Yang 何韦均 徐程扬 孔祥琦 ZHU Jiyou;YU Qiang;DI Yang;HE Weijun;XU Chengyang;KONG Xiangqi(College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Department of Geography,University of Florida,Gainesville FL 32611,USA;College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530005,China)
出处 《农业机械学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2018年第11期201-209,共9页 Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金 林业公益性行业科研专项(20140430102)
关键词 叶性状 城市下垫面 热环境 生态权衡策略 leaf functional traits urban underlying surface thermal environment ecological trade-off strategy
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