摘要
以闽台社区林业为研究对象,运用文献综述法及对比分析法,对闽台社区林业的发展历程、目标、林地权属、权益关系人以及运行机制等方面进行分析。结果表明:闽台社区林业均以持续发展作为理论基础,以为居民谋福利、谋发展作为社区林业目标,闽台社区林业具有相似的发展历程,都随着森林经营理念的转变得以广泛发展;因社会制度的差异,闽台两岸对土地流转处置差异大。通过两岸社区林业的比较将增进两岸了解,相互借鉴,进而为加强与深化两岸林业交流与共同发展提供参考。
⑴Background--Based on the same natural geographical conditions and forest resources on both sides of Fujian and Taiwan,the study analyzes the development of community forestry through community forestry history,goals,forestry land ownership,rights and interests and forestry management mechanism to provide a powerful reference for the development of forestry in the cross-strait community.⑵Results--Fujian and Taiwan began the practice and experiment of community forestry from 1970s to 1980s,and developed with the transformation of forest management concepts.The community forestry in both Fujian and Taiwan regards sustainable development as the theoretical basis of community forestry,and regards the residents welfare and development as the goal of community forestry,and gets the extensive participation of policy and stakeholders from all walks of life.However,there are also some differences in community forestry.Community forestry in Taiwan pays attention to community residents’participation and forest conservation,while community forestry in Fujian Province focuses on policy guidance and support,forest farmers self-association,forestry economy development,and gradually towards the development of ecological civilization.After entering the 21st century,community forestry in Taiwan has been widely developed with the transformation of forest management.Due to differences in social systems,there are differences in ownership and transfer of land rights between Fujian and Taiwan.Private ownership of land in Taiwan enables community residents to have independent individual freedom and decision-making power in land transfer and disposal,while the forestry collective ownership of Fujian forestry cooperatives usually requires community collective voting for the transfer of forest land ownership and the disposal of forest land rights and interests;in the operation and development of community forestry,community forestry has received government financial subsidies and is guided by regional policies.The community forestry in Taiwan combines tribal culture,ecology and related industrial resources to form a new forestry management model of bottom-up,community autonomy,resident participation and sustainable management,while Fujian forestry cooperatives mainly have formed four business models including family cooperative forest farms,“company+cooperatives+farmers”stock cooperative forest farms,et al.⑶Conclusions and Discussions--The time for forestry development in Fujian and Taiwan is similar.Whether Taiwan s community participatory management or Fujian s forestry professional cooperatives,their goals for the people s welfare and development are the same.The forestry of Fujian and Taiwan has a similar development process,and there are also differences in social systems and land transfer.We can learn from the development experience of community forestry in Taiwan,regularly hold seminars and educational seminars,improve the community members understanding of cooperatives and the direction of their development,communicate relevant policies and regulations in the most understandable language,correctly communicate the government s forestry-related plans,and close to the forest farmers in order to change the highly optimistic attitude of the government towards cooperatives and the indifference of local cooperatives.Fujian Province should actively respond to the national ecological construction policy,incorporate ecological tourism and other ecological construction projects into the forestry cooperative plan,use the existing forestry resources to increase the income of forest farmers and bring more ecological benefits to the members,thus improving the living standards of forest farmers.With the development of electronic technology,the government should strengthen the intelligent construction of forestry information,grasp both online and offline,expand sales channels,timely obtain feedback from consumers,and timely improve the management mode of cooperatives.
作者
施晓春
吴联杯
黄朝法
刘丹萍
李剑飞
徐永兴
陈信旺
郑德祥
SHI Xiaochun;WU Lianbei;HUANG Chaofa;LIU Danping;LI Jianfei;XU Yongxing;CHEN Xinwang;ZHENG Dexiang(Forestry College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002 China;Forestry Planning and Design Office,Fujian Forestry Investigation and Planning Institute,Fuzhou 350001 China;Ninghua State-Owned Forest Farm of Fujian Province,Sanming 365400 China)
出处
《林业经济问题》
北大核心
2018年第6期42-47,104,共7页
Issues of Forestry Economics
基金
福建省林业厅科学研究计划项目(118/KLb15H01A)
关键词
社区林业
林业合作社
运行机制
权益关系人
林地权属
community forestry
forestry cooperatives
operation mechanism
stakeholders
forest land ownership
