摘要
The density of traffic in Bohai Sea of China is growing,so the evaluation of the impact of potential oil spills becomes necessary.However,the impact of potential oil spills at a large temporal-spatial scale has seldom been studied.In this paper,the effects of potential oil spills in seven main fairways in Chinese Bohai Sea and the risks of five environmental sensitive areas(ESAs)being polluted are studied.A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model,coupled with Lagrangian particle tracking model,was constructed to simulate the transportation of oil spills.Hypothetical oil particles with an idealized,passive tracer were released along fairways and their transportation over20-day and180-day periods were simulated,respectively.An environmental impact matrix was built to reveal the relationship between oil spills in fairways and the pollution of ESAs.Results showed that in short term,Z4and Z5had high risk of being polluted by oil spills.Oil particles released along Fairways1,2and7had strong pollution effects.In long term,Z1,Z3,Z4and Z5had medium risk of being polluted.Oil particles released along Fairway3had strong pollution effects.This study might provide useful data to support marine environment protection.
随着渤海地区的通航密度不断加大,为整个渤海区域评估出潜在的溢油影响也变得越来越重要。然而在大的时空尺度上的溢油影响却鲜有相关研究。本文研究出了渤海中7条主要航道的潜在溢油影响效应和环渤海5处环境敏感区受相应的溢油风险。通过渤海区域水动力模型与粒子追踪模型的耦合模拟溢油的输运过程。假想的油粒子沿所选取的7条主要航道均匀释放,模拟期分为短期(20天)、长期(180天)。得出粒子分布结果后建立环境影响矩阵,反映航道与环境敏感区的内在关系。由建立的环境影响矩阵可知:短期时Z4、Z5有高的受航道溢油风险,航道1、航道2和航道7则有强的环境影响效应;长期时Z1、Z3、Z4、Z5有中等风险,航道3则有强的环境影响效应。环境影响矩阵的建立将对渤海区的整体环境规划、大时空尺度的溢油防范决策提供科学的依据。
基金
supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)[Grant No.2015CB453301]
