摘要
确定物种生境的潜在分布对于濒危物种的保护与管理有非常重要的意义,云南大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区是黑颈鹤的重要迁移地和越冬地,但是目前的黑颈鹤夜宿地生境分布较为破碎。本研究通过Arc GIS和MaxEnt模型,使用黑颈鹤夜宿分布点和环境特征变量预测了大山包保护区黑颈鹤夜宿地生境的分布,并进行了生境适宜性分析。结果表明:AUC=0.975表明模型的评价效果达到优秀水平,其中通过对黑颈鹤夜宿地生境的环境因子敏感性分析可知,主要环境因子是距水源地的距离(54.8%)、坡向(26.1%)和海拔(17.2%);保护区中部和南部的水库及周边地区是黑颈鹤的主要夜宿地分布区;保护区黑颈鹤夜宿地最适宜生境和较适宜生境面积为23.72 km2,占保护区总面积的12.35%,不适宜生境面积为68.28 km2。通过黑颈鹤夜宿地生境适宜性评价,为黑颈鹤的保护提供科学依据,同时需要对缓冲区和实验区的边界合理性给与更多的关注。
It is of great importantance to determine the potential distribution of species habitats for the protection and management of endangered species.Dashanbao Nature Reserve is a significant relocation site and wintering ground for black-necked cranes.However,the current habitat distribution of black-necked cranes is relatively fragmented.In this study,the nocturnal habitat distribution of black-necked crane in Dashanbao Nature Reserve is predicted by its nocturnal distribution points and environmental characteristic variables based on ArcGIS and MaxEnt models.An analysis of its habitat suitability is also conducted.The results show the following traits:AUC=0.975 indicates that the evaluation effect of the model has reached an excellent level;through a sensitivity analysis of the environmental factors of black-necked crane nocturnal habitat,the main environmental factors are found to be the distance from the water source area(54.8%),the aspect(26.1)and altitude(17.2%);the central,southern reservoirs and its surrounding areas are the main nocturnal habitats for black-necked cranes;the most suitable nocturnal habitat and comparably suitable habitat area for black-necked cranes is 23.72 km2,accounting for 12.35%of the total protected area,and the unsuitable habitat area is 68.28km2.The evaluation of habitat suitability of black-necked crane nocturnal habitats provides a scientific basis for the protection of black-necked cranes.At the same time,more attention should be paid to the rationality of the boundaries between the buffer zone and the experimental zone.
作者
李绒
角媛梅
刘歆
LI Rong;JIAO Yuanmei;LIU Xin(College of Tourism and Geographic Sciences,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming Yunnan 650500,China)
出处
《西华师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
2018年第4期352-357,共6页
Journal of China West Normal University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41761115
41271203)
