摘要
目的:探讨以校园环境为主要干预场所,以促进学龄儿童健康、降低肥胖发生率为目标的干预策略的效果。方法:以深圳市松岗小学为干预学校,采用分层整群抽样的方法,在2～5年级分别抽取1～2个班级学生作为观察对象,比较干预实施1学年后超重/肥胖检出率和儿童饮食行为及体力活动水平等方面的变化。结果:干预1学年后,(1)学龄儿童超重/肥胖检出率下降,其中,超重检出率从18. 0%下降至12. 4%,肥胖检出率从9. 4%下降至5. 2%,差异具有显著性(P <0. 05)。(2)学龄儿童的饮食行为发生改变,差异具有显著性(P <0. 05)。表现为:饮食结构上选择"荤素均匀搭配"的比例提高,吃水果的频率明显增加,进食的速度明显下降。儿童选择"一周之内不吃西式快餐"的比例提高。(3)干预1学年后,儿童休闲式体力活动时间明显增加。体力活动水平不足(<180 min/周)的比例明显下降;教师对学龄儿童体力活动水平的态度改变,差异具有显著性(P <0. 05)。(4)儿童对于体育锻炼有了更好的认知,差异具有显著性(P <0. 05)。结论:本研究制定的干预策略对于降低学龄儿童超重/肥胖检出率有效,且对提高学生体力活动水平和改善饮食行为均有明显效果。
Objective:To explore the effects of the strategies for prevention and control of overweight/obesity in urban school-age children.Methods:Taking the Song gang primary school in Shenzhen as an intervention school and adopting a cluster sampling method,1~2classes of students were selected as the subjects in grade2~5,and the changes in the prevalence of overweight/obesity,the dietary behavior and physical activity level of children after the1school year were compared.Results:After1school year of the intervention,(1)the prevalence of overweight and obesity decreased significantly,of which the rate of overweight decreased from18.0%to12.4%,and the rate of obesity was decreased from9.4%to5.2%(P<0.05).(2)The dietary behavior improved significantly,the proportion of“balance dietary”was increased;the frequency of fruit eating increased;the speed of eating decreased;the proportion of eating“fast”and“very fast”was reduced;the proportion of denying western fast food in one week increased.(3)Children’s leisure physical activity time increased significantly.The proportion of physical active(<180min/weeks)was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Teachers’attitudes toward physical activity level of school-age children were significantly different(P<0.05).(4)children have better cognition of physical exercise(P<0.05).Conclusion:The strategy of this study is effective in reducing the rate of overweight/obesity in school-age children,and it has obvious effect on improving the level of physical activity and improving dietary behavior.
作者
邓士琳
洪霞
段练
陈咸
郭衍晟
DENG Shi-lin;HONG Xia;DUAN Lian;CHEN Xian;GUO Yan-sheng(Department of PE,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Songgang Preventive Health Center,Bao’an District,Shenzhen City,Shenzhen518105,China)
出处
《南京体育学院学报》
2018年第11期41-47,共7页
Journal of Nanjing Sports Institute
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究项目(项目编号:13YJA890005)
湖北省教育规划课题(项目编号:2015GA007)
关键词
学龄儿童
超重/肥胖
干预
体力活动
school-age children
overweight and obesity
strategy
intervention
physical activities
