摘要
基于2014-2016年中国环境保护部公布的城市空气质量指数(air quality index,AQI)日报数据,综合运用空间插值法、空间自相关模型、核密度估计模型等空间数据统计模型探究中国城市空气质量时空分布及动态演进特征。结果显示:(1)2014-2016年中国城市的AQI呈下降的趋势,空气污染城市数量减少,表明城市空气质量有所改善;中国城市AQI季节均值为:冬季>春季>秋季>夏季,夏、秋两季空气质量空间分异格局不显著,春、冬两季的空间分异格局显著,呈北高南低、内陆高沿海低的季节性空间分布格局。(2)中国城市AQI空间分布呈现出持续增强的空间集聚态势,形成以冀鲁豫三省交界处为核心并蔓延至湖北省中北部的中度污染区和以乌鲁木齐和阿图什市为核心的中度污染区,以珠三角城市群为核心的华南地区是稳定的空气质量优良区。(3)从核密度估计图可以发现中国城市空气质量空间分布格局表现为6个显著核心密度区和3个次级核心密度区,2014-2016年内该基本格局在局部区域发生较明显变化。本文通过不同的时间尺度全面分析了中国城市空气质量的空间分布特征,旨在为中国各个城市制定相关的空气质量防治政策提供科学依据。
Based on the daily air quality index(AQI)data of367cities published by the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection from2014to2016,a series of spatial data statistical models such as spatial autocorrelation model,kernel density estimation model and spatial interpolation method are comprehensively used.The results show that:①AQI of cities in China decreased from2014to2016,and the number of cities with air pollution decreased,indicating that the air quality of cities had been improved.The seasonal mean AQI of China is as follows:winter,spring,autumn,summer.The pattern of spatial heterogeneity is not obvious in summer and autumn,while the spatial pattern is obvious in spring and winter,showing a special seasonal distribution pattern of high level in the north and low level in the south,and high level in inland and low level along the coastal.②The spatial distribution of AQI spatial distribution in China′s cities shows a continuous enhanced spatial agglomeration situation,forming a moderate polluted area with the core of the three provinces of Hebei,Shandong and Henan provinces and spreading to the middle north of Hubei province,and the medium pollution area with Urumqi and Artux city as the core.The Southern China area with the core of the Pearl River Delta city group is the stable area of better air quality.③From the kernel density estimation map,it can be found that the spatial distribution pattern of China′s urban AQI is characterized by six main density core regions and three secondary core density regions,while the basic pattern has changed significantly in some areas in2014-2016.This paper comprehensively analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of urban air quality based on different time scales,aiming to provide scientific basis for developing relevant air quality control policies in various cities of China.
作者
许燕婷
刘兴诏
王振波
XU Yanting;LIU Xingzhao;WANG Zhenbo(College of Landscape Architecture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou Fujian 350002,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第1期187-196,共10页
Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0505702)
国家林业局森林公园工程技术研究中心开放课题(PTJH1500214)
关键词
AQI指数
空间插值法
空间自相关分析
核密度估计
中国
AQI index
spatial interpolation
spatial autocorrelation
kernel density estimation
China
