摘要
青饲料是家畜的重要饲用资源,其适口性好,富含营养素。合理利用青饲料,可以提高家畜养殖生产效益,降低养殖成本。但是,青饲料作物中的一些成分或者在某些条件下的分解、转化产物都会对动物产生毒害作用,从而引起饲料的卫生与安全问题。青饲料中的有毒有害物质包括硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、生氰糖苷、光敏物质、草酸盐、马铃薯素以及一些牧草中的毒素。对青饲料中所含的有毒有害物质种类及特征进行介绍,对由这些物质引起的动物中毒病的发病机理和救治方法进行综述,在该基础上探讨了青饲料安全饲喂技术,以期为提高青饲料在家畜养殖中的科学饲喂水平提供参考。
Greenfeed which has good palatability and rich nutrients is an important feeding resource for livestock.Reasonable utilization of greenfeed can improve the livestock production efficiency and reduce the cost of livestock breeding.However,some components of greenfeed crops or decomposition and transformation products under certain conditions will have toxic effects on animals,which cause the hygienical and safety problems of feed.The toxic and harmful substances in greenfeed include nitrate,nitrite,cyanogenic glycoside,photosensitive substance,oxalate,solanine and some toxins in certain kinds of forage.This paper introduced the types and characteristics of the toxic and harmful substances contained in green fodder,summarized the pathogenesis and treatment methods of animal poisoning caused by these substances,and discussed the safe feeding technology of greenfeed,in hoping to improve the scientific feeding level of greenfeed in livestock breeding.
作者
刘力
马惠茹
陈艳君
高瑞萍
LIU Li;MA Hui-ru;CHEN Yan-jun;GAO Rui-ping(Hetao College,Linhe District 015000,China;Veterinary Medicine Station of Bayannur of Inner Mongolia,Linhe District 015000,China)
出处
《畜牧与饲料科学》
2018年第12期57-59,共3页
Animal Husbandry and Feed Science
关键词
青饲料
中毒
安全
饲喂
greenfeed
poisoning
safety
feeding
